摘要
天然气价格改革进入关键阶段,而天然气中下游的发展模式也趋于多样化,在南方地区以广东省与福建省为典型。广东是"全省一张网",福建是"全省两张网",广东放开业务终端竞争,而福建继续保持特许经营制度,二者的根本差别在于省级管网规划定位和业务终端分类管理的不同。广东根据天然气管网自然垄断属性采取政府统一规划和监管,建设一张省级管网,提供天然气代输服务并独立核算。而福建省级管网由企业主导建设,建设两张省级管网,各自输送自有气源,不对外开放,重复建设。广东根据天然气终端(除居民等公用性质用户)的私人物品属性,实行经营许可制度,放开市场准入。福建依据供气方式对管道天然气实行特许经营制度,实质上造成了特许经营范围内天然气供应的垄断,成为阻碍上下游气价传导的制度壁垒。综合比较,广东对省级管网的规划定位和业务终端的管理分类更为科学,符合国家对天然气基础设施管理的精神。但广东和福建模式都存在一些过渡性的制度安排,在改革过程中需要加强区域制度和国家制度的衔接,以及省级基础设施与国家基础设施的互联互通和共享。
China＇s natural gas pricing reform is entering a critical stage and the modes of development of midstream and downstream natural gas networks have been increasingly diversified,typified by Guangdong and Fujian provinces in southern China.There is only one gas network in Guangdong province and there are two in Fujian province.Guangdong has opened the end user sector to competition,while Fujian is continuing a franchise system.The fundamental differences between the two provinces＇ natural gas industries are the posi- tioning of provincial gas pipeline networks and the systematic management of end users.In Guangdong,plan- ning and regulation of gas pipelines is the government＇s responsibility,which reflects the nature of monopo- lized gas pipelines.There is only one provincial gas pipeline network in the province,which provides gas transport agent services and has an independent accounting system.In contrast,there are two provincial gas pipeline networks in Fujian,which were built by enterprises.The two networks transport gas produced by the builders themselves and are not open to outside users.Based on the nature of gas terminals as private goods （except public users such as residents）,Guangdong has introduced a franchise system and opened its market to outside competition.Based on the way of supplying gas,Fujian has established a franchise system for piped gas ,which has virtually resulted in a monopoly of natural gas supplies within the coverage of franchise and posed a barrier to the transfer of gas prices between the upstream and downstream sectors.Generally,the po- sitioning of provincial gas pipeline network and systematic management of end users in Guangdong province are more rational and are in line with the nation＇s guidelines on the management of natural gas infrastruc- ture.However,there are some transitional system arrangements in both of the G their reforms ,the two provinces should strengthen the engagement of their local uangdong and Fujian modes.In systems and the national sys- tem as we
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2015年第12期10-13,共4页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
天然气管网
经营许可制度
特许经营
省级管网
业务终端
市场准入
natural gas pipeline network
business licensing system
franchise system
provincial pipeline network
business terminal
market access
