摘要
目的了解深圳市福田区社区已婚妇女对宫颈癌相关知识的认知水平及其健康行为状况,以便为宫颈癌防治策略的制定提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样的方法选取深圳市福田区社区已婚妇女610人及在本区域登记的新婚妻326例共计936名研究对象进行问卷调查,调查宫颈癌、HPV相关知识知晓情况及其宫颈癌防治相关健康行为。结果深圳市福田区社区已婚妇女对宫颈癌相关知识平均总知晓率为27.28%,"是否听说过宫颈癌"知晓率最高达71.79%,宫颈癌的危险因素最低仅7.26%;HPV相关知识平均总知晓率仅5.07%,其中"HPV的分型"仅6人(0.64%)知晓;宫颈癌健康行为调查中,第一次性生活年龄≥20岁者占62.07%,性生活前洗外阴者占61.43%,避孕措施中使用避孕套者仅占9.83%。不同年龄、学历、职业妇女其认知水平与健康行为比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论社区妇女宫颈癌防治意识薄弱,应针对不同层次人群制定适合的健康教育措施,提高其认知率并采用健康的行为方式,以降低宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率。
Objective To investigate the cognitive level of cervical- cancer- related knowledge and the status of health behavior among community married women in Futian District of Shenzhen City so as to provide a scientific basis for developing cervical cancer prevention and treatment strategies. Methods Questionnaire surveys on cervical cancer,the awareness of HPV- related knowledge and health behavior concerning cervical cancer prevention and therapy were conducted among 936 research subjects including610 married women and 326 newly registered married wives selected from communities in Futian District,Shenzhen City by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Results The average total awareness rate of cervical- cancer- related knowledge in community married women in Futian District of Shenzhen City was 27. 28%. The awareness rate regarding whether hearing about cervical cancer was the highest( 71. 79%),while the rate about the risk factors for cervical cancer was the lowest( 7. 26%). The average total awareness rate about HPV- related knowledge was only 5. 07%,and the awareness rate about HPV typing was only 0. 64%( 6 /936). The results of cervical cancer health behavior survey showed that the women having the sexual intercourse at age ≥20 years,with genital washing before sexual intercourse and with condom use for contraception accounted for 62. 07%,61. 43% and 9. 83%,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the cognitive level of cervical- cancer- related knowledge and health behavior among women with different age,educational backgrounds and occupations( all P < 0. 05). Conclusions The awareness of cervical cancer prevention and therapy among the community women in Futian District,Shenzhen is weak. It is necessary to formulate targeted health education measures based on populations with different features,improve their awareness rate and guide their healthy behavior so as to decrease the morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2016年第1期119-122,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
深圳市科学技术创新委员会科研课题(JCYJ20140415094713838)
关键词
宫颈癌
认知
已婚妇女
健康行为
流行病学调查
Cervical cancer
Cognition
Married women
Health behavior
Epidemiological investigation
