摘要
馆藏壁画是具有重要历史、科学和艺术价值的博物馆藏品之一,大部分为来自考古发掘现场的墓葬壁画,其次为揭取搬迁的石窟壁画和殿堂壁画。因其制作材料(主要为泥质或石灰层地仗)脆弱,保存年代久远,各种病害多发且严重。已有研究结果表明,石窟壁画保护的难点是水—盐运移引起的壁画酥碱等病害问题,而当石窟壁画转移到博物馆作为藏品保存后,其赋存环境条件发生了根本变化,博物馆可控的、稳定的温度、湿度使其保护难度大大降低,保护现存实物原状与历史信息必然成为馆藏壁画保护的重要内容。本研究以甘肃省博物馆藏武威天梯山石窟壁画的保护修复为例,结合多年石窟壁画保护实践,探讨了馆藏石窟壁画保护理论与保护程序,重点阐述了壁画附加支撑体的去除、新支撑体的选择以及安装等方面的技术要点。提出通过举办专题展览,利用多媒体等高新技术,可以生动、形象、准确地反映和展示馆藏壁画的价值及保护修复过程,弥补传统陈列展览模式的不足。研究成果对同类文物的保护具有重要的借鉴价值。
The wall paintings in the Gansu Museum collection are of great historical,scientific and artistic value.Most of those wall paintings came from buried archeological sites; others came from grottos or ancient architectures.The materials（ mud or lime ground layers） are fragile. These paintings usually have a long history of damage. Previous research suggested that water-salt migration in the wall was a main cause of wall painting deterioration. However,once they have been moved to the museum environment,the surrounding environment（ e. g. temperature and humidity） of the wall paintings can be controlled and it is easier to protect them. In this paper the wall paintings at Gansu Museum was used,from Tiantishan grottoes,Wuwei,as an examples in order to discuss the conservation of wall paintings in a museum environment. With many years of wall conservation experience,the key procedures of intervention,retreading,and the exchange of support were focused on. Through practical exploration of conservation techniques and concepts,the authenticity and integration of wall paintings were preserved. It＇s suggested that through the use multimedia,the process of conservation and the value of the paintings can be vividly enhanced,which is not done in traditional exhibits. The research provides reference for conservation of similar objects.
出处
《文物保护与考古科学》
北大核心
2015年第4期101-112,共12页
Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology
基金
国家文物局"馆藏壁画保护修复技术培训班"项目资助
关键词
天梯山石窟
馆藏壁画
理论探索
壁画保护
多媒体展示
Tiantishan grottoes
Wall paintings collected in the museum
Exploring
Conservation
Multimedia
