摘要
入托、入学儿童预防接种证查验能有效提高入托、入学儿童的国家免疫规划疫苗(National Immunization Program Vaccine,NIPV)接种率水平,预防NIPV针对传染病在学校和托幼机构爆发或流行。现综述国内外入托、入学儿童预防接种证查验的立法、查验对象、疫苗种类、查验流程和豁免政策等有关技术要求,以及预防接种证查验在提高接种率、预防控制针对传染病和评价适龄儿童接种率方面的应用,并对改进我国预防接种证查验工作提出了建议。
The policy of examination of vaccination certificate upon entering kindergarten or school is helpful to enhance coverage rates of vaccines in the national immunization program and to prevent outbreaks or epidemics of vaccine preventable diseases. This article reviews the legislation supporting vaccination certificate examination,documents to be examined,vaccines included,examination technical procedures,and exemption policies. The examination of vaccination records,vaccination coverage improvement,and prevention and control of vaccine preventable diseases are summarized to give suggestions to improve the school entry vaccination examination for our country.
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
北大核心
2015年第4期444-449,435,共7页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
关键词
入托、入学儿童
预防接种证查验
Children in kindergarten and school
Examination of vaccination certificate
