摘要
采用田间取样、实验室分析以及统计分析等方法,对新疆玛纳斯河中游灌区漫灌、滴灌2种灌溉方式下棉田土壤含盐量在棉花全生长季的变化进行定量分析。结果表明,灌溉方式对表层土壤（0-20cm）和次深层土壤（40-60cm）含盐量影响较大,其次是深层（60-100cm）和根层土壤（20-40cm）。其中漫灌方式下土壤含盐量的最大值多出现在深层（60-100cm）或次深层（40-60cm）,在时间上含盐量最大值则出现在棉花生长期前半段（6月份或更早）;而滴灌方式下土壤含盐量的最大值多出现在根层（20-40cm）或次深层（40-60cm）,在时间上,土壤含盐量的最大值多出现在生长期的后半段（7月或以后）。对不同灌溉方式下各样点土壤含盐量数据的非参数配对样本进行检验,发现灌溉方式对土壤含盐量的影响以7月最大,其次是8月,之后分别是6月、5月、4月;从土层深度看,灌溉方式对表层（0-20cm）土壤含盐量影响最大,其次是深层（60-100cm）,之后分别是根层（20-40cm）和次深层（40-60cm）。
Sampling in actual agricultural fields,laboratory analysis of soil samples and statistical analysis methods were used to quantitatively analyze soil salinity changes under different irrigation methods throughout the cotton growing season of irrigation area in midstream of Manas River.The results showed that irrigation methods played an important role in soil salt content in the surface soil（0-20cm）and subdeep soil（40-60cm）,followed by deep soil layer（60-100cm）and root soil layer（20-40cm）.Under furrow irrigation,the maximum soil salt content was in deep layer（60-100cm）or sub-deep layer（40-60cm）and the maximum salinity occurred in the first half of the cotton growing season（June or earlier）.In contrast,under drip irrigation,the maximum soil salinity was in the root layer（20-40cm）or sub-deep（40-60cm）,and this usually appeared in the second half growing season（July or after）.A nonparametric test for paired samples was used to analyze differences of soil salt content under different irrigation methods.The analysis showed that the impact of irrigation on soil salinity was the most significant in July,followed by August,June,May,and April in most sample points.The most significant impact of irrigation methods occurred in the surface soil layer（0-20cm）,followed by deep layer（60-100cm）,root layer（20-40cm）and sub-deep（40-60cm）.These conclusions would be beneficial for mitigation of soil salinization,irrigation and fertilization and sustainable land use.
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期11-17,共7页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41171083,U1203181)
关键词
土壤盐渍化
土壤含水率
棉花生长季
玛纳斯河中游灌区
soil salinity
soil water content
cotton growing season
irrigation area in midstream of Manas River
