摘要
以‘香白杏’(Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.‘Xiangbaixing’)成年树和离体花束状果枝为试材,研究开花前及花期高温对花质量和物候期变化的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,扣棚期间棚内日均温升高3.6℃,日均最高温升高12℃,日均最低温降低0.5℃;开花前及花期高温使物候期加快,花期变短,棚内出现畸形花,高温(25℃)处理的离体果枝出现花蕾干枯、脱落的现象;开花前及花期高温会促使雌蕊长度、子房横径变小,雌蕊重量、完全花比例、花粉发芽率和座果率降低。由此可见,开花前和花期高温可促使香白杏提前开花,花期缩短,雌蕊长度、子房横径变短,完全花比例降低,雌蕊重量减小,花粉发芽率降低,从而导致雌蕊败育,雄蕊质量降低,最终造成座果率下降。
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of high temperature on the quality of flower and phenophases in the pre-blossom and blooming periods by using adult trees and in vitro bouquet branches of Xiangbaixing（Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.）.The results indicated that：compared to the control,in the plastic greenhouse,the daily mean temperatures increased by 3.6 ℃,mean maximum temperatures increased by 12 ℃ and mean minimum temperatures reduced by 0.5 ℃;increase in temperature accelerated flower bud development,caused a hastening in flowering time and abnormal flowers emerged.The flower bud of vitro bouquet branches dried-up and shed in the treatment of high temperature（25 ℃）;at higher temperatures,pistils showed short styles and unswelled ovaries.In the same time,the weight,the proportion of perfect flower,the rate of pollen germination and fruit set reduced.
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期139-145,共7页
Journal of China Agricultural University
基金
门头沟区龙泉雾香白杏高产优质栽培技术研究(北京市科委项目)
关键词
香白杏
高温
雌蕊
完全花
坐果
xiangbaixing
high temperature
pistil
perfect flower
fruit set
