摘要
以3-氯-2-羟丙基三烷基氯化铵为醚化剂,通过改变醚化剂的烷基链长和醚化剂对淀粉的用量,制备了3个系列具有不同烷基链长的季铵型阳离子淀粉,并以淀粉浆膜的断裂伸长率、断裂强度、断裂功、耐屈曲性、吸湿性及水溶时间为量化指标,研究了季铵取代基中烷基链长对淀粉浆膜性能的影响.结果表明:季铵取代基中烷基链长对淀粉的成膜性和浆膜性能有显著的影响;当季铵取代基中烷基的碳原子数不超过2时,淀粉的季铵化变性能够增加淀粉浆膜的断裂伸长率、断裂功及耐屈曲次数,改善淀粉浆膜的韧性;若烷基上的碳原子数达到3时,由于取代基团的强疏水性能,这种季铵化变性只会使淀粉的成膜性及浆膜性能下降,不宜作为纺织浆料使用.此外,在淀粉分子链上引入氯化三甲基铵羟丙基和氯化三乙基铵羟丙基,均能改善淀粉的可退浆性.根据经纱上浆对浆膜性能及可退浆性的要求,宜选择3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵醚化剂对淀粉进行季铵型阳离子改性.
Using N-（3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl）trialkylammonium chloride as etherifying agents,three series of quaternary ammonium cornstarches with different chain lengths of the alkyl were prepared by the variations of alkyl chain-length and feed ratio of the agents to starch.The investigation was performed for revealing the effect of alkyl chain-length on tensile properties of starch film.The properties were accessed in terms of breaking elongation,tensile strength,work-to-break,bending endurance,hygroscopicity,and time required to dissolve the film in water.The result showed that alkyl chain-length of quaternary ammonium substituents had significant impacts on film-forming ability and film properties.When the number of carbon atoms of alkyl chain did not exceed 2,the quaternization could enhance breaking elongation,work-to-break,and bending endurance of starch film,and improve its toughness.However,if the number of carbon atoms of alkyl chain reached 3,the ability and properties of quaternized starch decreased markedly and the quaternized starch was not applicable for warp sizing.In addition,3-（trimethylammonium chloride）-2-hydroxypropyl and 3-（triethylammonium chloride）-2-hydroxypropyl substituents introduced onto the backbones of starch were able to remarkablyameliorate the desizability of starches.Based on the requirements of warp sizing on the properties and desizability,N-（3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl）trimethylammonium chloride was preferred to be used as etherifying agents for the quaterisation of starch during textile warp sizing.
出处
《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期625-630,共6页
Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)
基金
生态纺织教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(KLET0617)
关键词
浆料
季铵型阳离子淀粉
烷基链长
浆膜性能
取代度
warp sizes
quaternary ammonium starch
alkyl chain-length
film property
degree of substitution
