摘要
[目的]规范优质出口烟叶标准化生产技术,提升当地烟叶生产技术和管理水平,实现烟叶可持续发展。[方法]于2010~2012年在贵州省贵阳市清镇市红枫湖镇芦荻村开展了《日本烟草所需贵州优质烟叶开发》项目,项目结合当地实际情况和双方的烤烟生产技术经验,通过实地调研、出口烟叶试生产等合作过程,不断探索、创新,制定出适合当地烟叶生长的技术方案。[结果]通过3年的项目实施,结果为：随着育苗工场的建成和育苗方式的创新,育苗水平不断提升,烟苗素质得到不断提高,烟苗的均匀度得到更好体现;使用移栽打孔器后,有效提高了移栽效率和移栽均匀度,移栽至打顶天数2010年为67 d,2011年为73 d,2012年为63 d,打顶至采收天数2010年为61 d,2011年为54 d,2012年为74 d,烟株生长势及烟叶成熟度已基本达到国际型烟叶生产标准。[结论]通过项目的实施,烟叶质量得到明显改善,烟叶外观特性基本达到优质出口烟叶标准,化学成分较为协调,特别是上部烟叶质量提升较大,部分可作为日本烟草的主料烟叶使用,下部烟叶是优质的出口烟叶原料,中部叶由于烟叶价格问题少部分可作为出口烟叶使用。
[ Objective ] Standardize the production technology of high quality export tobacco, improve the production technology and management level, and achieve the sustainable development of tobacco. [ Method] During 2010- 2012, Japan Tobacco Needed for Development of Guizhou High Quality Tobacco project was carried out in Ludi Village, Hongfenghu Town, Guiyang City, combined with local actual situation and fluecured production experience, through field investigation, export tobacco leaf trail production, continuously exploration and innovation, the appro- priate technique scheme for local tobacco leaf growth was obtained. [ Result] Through 3 years of the implementation of the project, the result is： with the innovation built and seedling technique of seedling seedling workshop, continuously improve the level and quality of tobacco seedling has been continuously improved, the uniformity of tobacco seedlings have been better reflected ; the use of transplanting punch, effectively improve the efficiency of transplanting and transplanting uniformity, transplanting - topping the number of days in 2010 for 67 days, in 2011 for 73 days, 63 days in 2012, topping - recovery of stay of 61 days in 2010, 2011 for 54 days, in 2012 for 74 days, the growth of tobacco plant and tobacco maturity has basically reached the international tobacco production standards. [ Conclusion] Through the implementation of the project, the quali- ty of tobacco leaf was obviously improved. Appearance characteristics basically achieve high-quality export tobacco standard, chemical composi- tion more coordination, especially the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco quality improvement is larger, part can be used as the main ingredient of Japan tobacco leaves, lower leaves is the export of tobacco raw material quality, middle leaves of tobacco price problem due to small part can be used as a tobacco for export.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2015年第32期164-169,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
关键词
日本烟草
贵州烟草
优质烟叶
出口烟叶
生产技术
Japan tobacco
Guizhou tobacco
High quality tobacco
Tobacco for export
Production technology
