摘要
针对关中地区土壤连续单一耕作存在的主要问题,进行了土壤轮耕效应研究。2009年至2012年在关中一年两熟区采用连续4a旋耕(RT)、翻耕-免耕-翻耕-免耕(PNT)和深松-免耕-深松-免耕(SNT)3种耕作处理,对土壤容重、紧实度及小麦根系生长进行了研究。结果表明,与试验前相比,夏玉米收获后(2013年10月)两种轮耕处理显著(P<0.05)降低了0—10、10—20 cm土壤容重,旋耕处理在0—10 cm处差异不显著,而10—20 cm土壤容重显著增大;与旋耕处理相比,两种轮耕处理0—10、10—20 cm土壤容重在第4季冬小麦整个生育期内变异系数较小,土壤紧实度较低,且改善效果在冬小麦生育中后期10—20 cm土层体现更为显著;旋耕处理0—10、10—20 cm土壤紧实度与含水量均呈显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.89、-0.85,两种轮耕处理相关性不显著;0—40 cm土层根重密度和根系活力表现为:两种轮耕处理>连年旋耕。可见,长期旋耕后进行轮耕(免耕与翻耕、深松)有利于改善土壤物理状况,促进作物根系生长。
Rotary tillage is fields with long-term rotary favorable to winter wheat a very common practice in the Guanzhong area. tillage growth However, many problems occur for winter wheat , including poor soil water vapor transmission and low soil fertility, which are not To solve these problems, a 4-year field experiment was carried out from 2009 to 2012 in Yangling, Shaanxi Province of China, which is an annual double cropping area. The experiment compared three tillage patterns ： RT （ rotary tillage for 4 years）, PNT ~ a deep plowing followed by a non-tillage year ahemation） and SNT （ a subsoiling year followed by a non-tillage year alternation）. This study evaluated the impacts of the three tillage patterns on soil bulk density, soil compaction across the 0~40 cm soil profile, and winter wheat root growth. Results showed that after the summer maize harvest （October, 2013）, the soil bulk density under the SNT and PNT treatments significantly （P 〈 0.05） decreased at 0--10 and 10--20 cm compared with the previous treatment, but the soil bulk density significantly increased under the RT treatment at 10--20 cm, with no significant difference at 0--10 cm. The dynamic changes of soil bulk density at 0--10 and 10--20 cm at different times were a measure of the stability. During the whole growth period of the fourth season winter wheat, the ability of the soil to maintain structural variation coefficient of soil bulk densityunder the SNT and PNT treatments at 0--10 and 10--20 cm was lower than that under the RT treatment. The soil compaction under the SNT and PNT treatments at 0--10 and 10--20 cm was also lower than that under the RT treatment. The improved efficiency of the SNT and PNT treatments on soil physics was more evident at 10--20 cm during the late growth period of winter wheat. There was a significant negative correlation between the soll compaction and soil water content under the RT treatment at 0--10 and 10--20 cm, with correlation coefficients of -0.89 and -0.85, respectively, but therewas
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第22期7454-7463,共10页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
陕西省农业厅项目(k332021312)
陕西省科研推广项目(413020211203533)
关键词
轮耕
容重
紧实度
动态变化
根系生长
alternate tillage
bulk density
compaction
dynamic changes
root development
