摘要
为解决烟叶采收烘烤过程中劳动强度大、用工成本高等问题,设计了一种新型烤烟活动箱式装烟框以及配套使用的烟叶运输、上炕提升装卸装置。利用活动箱式装烟框装烟烘烤,可以在烟叶采收后直接装框,无编捆烟叶过程,避免鲜烟叶因编捆、反复装卸等造成破损、残伤。采用半自动化提升装置,可以简化烟叶上炕流程,降低劳动强度,减少劳动用工成本。采用该设备与常规挂竿烘烤、散叶堆烤方式进行了对比试验。结果表明:利用该装置可实现烟叶成熟采收、上炕烘烤等操作,每烘烤出1 kg干烟叶劳动用工成本分别比挂竿烘烤、散叶堆烤降低56.95%和23.81%。与挂竿烘烤相比,减少能耗成本0.38元/kg干烟叶,减少劳动用工成本1.27元/kg干烟叶,总成本降低1.65元/kg干烟叶;与散叶堆烤相比,总成本降低0.28元/kg干烟叶。该设备操作简便,实现了烟叶运输、上炕过程的半自动化,有效提升了烟叶烘烤机械化作业水平。
For reducing the labor intensity and cost in tobacco harvesting and curing, a new movable box-like frame for holding tobacco and accompanied leaf transportation, elevating, curing barn loading and unloading devices were designed. The harvested tobacco leaves were loaded into the frame and cured directly dispense with tying, so that leaf breakage or damage caused by leaf tying and repeated loading/ unloading was avoided. The semi-automatic elevator simplified curing barn loading operation and reduced labor intensity and cost. Experiments were conducted to compare this system with conventional stick curing and bulk curing, the results showed that： the system was able to accomplish efficient harvesting, loading and curing, the labor cost for 1 kg dried leaves decreased by 56.95% and 23.81% comparing with stick curing and bulk curing, respectively. Comparing with stick curing, the energy cost and labor cost reduced by 0.38 and 1.27 RMB yuan/kg dried leaves, overall cost reduced by 1.65 RMB yuan/kg; comparing with bulk curing, overall cost decreased by 0.28 RMB yuan/kg. This system is convenient in operation and realizes the semi-automation of leaf transportation and curing barn loading.
出处
《烟草科技》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期79-82,90,共5页
Tobacco Science & Technology
基金
黔东南州科学技术项目"烤烟活动箱式装烟烘烤技术研究与应用"(201128)
关键词
烤烟
活动箱式装烟框
提升装置
用工成本
能耗成本
Flue-cured tobacco
Movable box-like tobacco frame
Elevator
Labor cost
Energy cost
