摘要
目的分析宣城市2011—2013年疑似预防接种异常反应（adverse event following immunization，AEFI）的发生特征，评价预防接种异常反应监测系统的运转情况及接种安全性，为改进AEFI监测工作提供依据。方法收集宣城市2011—2013年AEFI监测系统报告的个案数据，用描述性流行病学方法对相关指标进行分析。结果宣城市2011—2013年报告AEFI674例，其中以广德县报告最多。发生AEFI前三位的疫苗为无细胞百白破疫苗、白破疫苗、流脑A＋C（结合）疫苗，男女性别比为1．07：1，≤1岁儿童占62．91％，集中发生在5～9月。接种≤1d发生的占86．20％。一类疫苗发生率为33．48／10万剂，二类疫苗发生率为20．07／10万剂。AEFI分类诊断中，一般反应占93．18％，异常反应占6．38％，偶合症占0．44％；临床损害以发热／红肿／硬结和过敏性皮疹最为多见。2011—2013年，AEFI调查及时率均为100％。结论全市的AEFI监测系统运转正常，目前所使用的疫苗安全性和预防接种服务质量良好，但AEFI监测工作还需进一步规范，规范预防接种操作，严格掌握疫苗禁忌症，能减少AEFI的发生。
Objectives To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of adverse events following immunization （AEFI） in Xuancheng from 2011 to 2013 and evaluate the operating quality of AEFI monitoring system and vaccination safety, and to provide the basis for improving the AEFI monitoring work. Methods Data of AEFI monitoring were collect- ed and the descriptive epidemiology methods were adopted to analyze related indexes. Results A total of 674 AEFI cases were reported in Xuancheng during 2011 -2013, the majority of them were reported in Guangde County. AEFI occurrence of top three were acellular DTP vaccine, diphtheria/tetanus vaccines and A ＋ C vaccine of epidemic cerebrospinal meningi- tis （combined）. Among AEFI population,the ratio of males and females was 1.07 ： 1 ; children below 1 years old accounted for 62.91% ; AEFI events were concentrated in the 5-9 month;vaccination within one day accounted for 86.20% ; the inci- dence of the first kind of vaccine was 33.48/100 000 doses of vaccine ; the incidence of the second kind of vaccine was 20.07/100 000 doses of vaccine. Among AEFI classified diagnoses, the general response accounted for 93. 18%, the ab- normal response accounting for 6. 38% and the coupled disease accounted for 0. 44%. Clinical manifestations included fe- ver/red swollen/scleroma and allergic skin rash were most common. AEFI investigation timely rate was 100% during 2011 to 2013. Conclusions The operation of AEFI monitoring system is in good condition. The vaccination safety and service quality are satisfied. AEFI monitoring work still needs further improvement. Standardization the vaccination operation and stric vaccine contraindications will reduce the incidence of AEFI.
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期1142-1144,1148,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
中央财政补助安徽省重大公共卫生免疫规划项目(2012年)
关键词
疫苗
人群监测
流行病学研究
Vaccines
Population surveillance
Epidemiologic studies
