摘要
采用陷阱法,对黑河中游绿洲边缘和外围3种荒漠生境地面节肢动物群落进行了系统调查,并利用perMANOVA、NMDS和RDA等排序方法,定量分析了3种荒漠类型地面节肢动物群落分布特征及其与环境因子的关系。主要结果如下:1砾质荒漠与沙质荒漠地面节肢动物群落明显不同(P<0.001),沙质荒漠地面节肢动物群落活动密度、类群丰富度和优势度指数显著高于砾质荒漠,而多样性和均匀度指数变化相反;2地面节肢动物群落中,捕食性类群与腐食性+杂食性类群的比值变化,反映了荒漠地面节肢动物群落中捕食者的捕食强度随着干旱程度的增加而增加;3确定了影响荒漠地面节肢动物群落分布的关键环境因子是草本盖度(相对贡献率62%)、土壤黏粉粒(相对贡献率18%)和容重(相对贡献率11%),3个环境因子解释了91%的动物群落变异。
Ground arthropod is one of the important components of arid desert ecosystems and plays a key role in maintaining ecosystem structure and functioning. Up to now,relatively fewer studies have explored the distribution of ground arthropod community composition and diversity of arid desert ecosystems,especially on oasis peripheral area in the Heihe River basin,NW China. We used sandy desert located the edge and outside of oasis and Gobi desert located in the outside of oasis of the Heihe basin as a study system,and investigated the composition and diversity of ground arthropod communities using pitfall trapping method in the early May,mid-July and mid-September. Main findings of our study are as follows. （1 ）There was a significant difference（ P〈0. 001） on ground arthropod community by analysis of per MANOVA（ Permutation based MANOVA） and NMDS（ Non-metric multidimensional scaling） between the sandy and Gobi desert. The activity density,group richness and domain index of ground arthropod community in the Sandy desert ecosystem were higher significantly than that in the Gobi desert ecosystems,and an inverse pattern was observed on diversity index and evenness index of ground arthropod community. （2 ）The ratio of predator with detritivore ＋ ominivore of ground arthropod community from the sandy desert to Gobi desert reflect predator prey in the arthropod community strength increases along with the drought degree of desert.（ 3） RDA（ redundancy analysis） and partial RDA demonstrated that key environmental factors affecting ground arthropod distribution were grass cover（ relative contribution rate of 62%）,silt and clay content（ relative contribution rate of 18%） and soil bulk density（ relative contribution rate of 11%）,and the above three factors explained91% of variation on the ground arthropod community.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期1192-1200,共9页
Arid Zone Research
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB429903)
国家自然科学基金项目(41201248)
中国科学院西部之光博士项目
关键词
砾质荒漠
沙质荒漠
地面节肢动物
群落
分布
环境因子
黑河中游
gravelly desert
sandy desert
ground arthropods
community
distribution
environmental factors
middle reaches of Heihe River
