摘要
文章通过对国内外农业机器人发展情况调研,分析了目前农业机器人具有的作业季节性、作业环境复杂性、作业对象娇嫩性和复杂性、使用对象特殊性等几大特点,根据农业机器人解决问题的侧重点差异将农业机器人大致分为行走系列农业机器人和机械手系列机器两大类,并介绍和总结了各类机器人的功能,同时介绍了我国各类农业机器人、以及日本、美国和其他国家具有代表性的农业机器人,指出目前农业机器人推广与普及的瓶颈主要是农业机器人制造成本问题和农业机器人智能化程度问题。最后对农业机器人发展趋势进行讨论,提出今后农业机器人应侧重于开放式的结构及控制系统,农业生产标准化研究与机器人技术研究紧密结合的研究。
Agricultural robot is the key intelligent equipment in agriculture, and it is also the key and focus of international agricultural equipment competition. In this paper, we survey and summarize the international and internal development of agricultural robot and find the huge advantage of agricultural robot on improving efficiency and reducing cost. We analyze the characteristics of agricultural robot, including seasonal work of agriculture manufacture, complex agriculture environment, delicate object of operating, and particular user of the robot. Secondly; agricultural robot are classified and summarized according to the difference of the use, i.e. the agricultural robot of working series and the agricultural robot of manipulator series. The first type is mainly used for homework in large farmland, and the other type is mainly used for homework in greenhouse or plant factory. Then the research progress of agricultural robot in different countries is introduced, including Japan, United States Australia, Germany, and other developed countries. In comparison, although we have developed some series of agricultural robot, the research and development of the agricultural robot in our country is still in the start stage. However, as a big agricultural country, research and development of agricultural robot in China has important significance for the long-term agricultural development. Currently, there are two main problems in the promotion and popularization of agricultural robot in China： the manufacturing cost of agricultural robot and the intelligent degree of agricultural robot. With the development of agricultural robot technology, the research should focus on the following two points： the agricultural robot should use opening structure and control system, and how to combine the standardized production research and robot research. In conclusion, agricultural robot can replace much human labor with high efficiency, especially for the tough conditions work, hard physical work and repetitive work. With the develo
出处
《中国科学院院刊》
CSCD
2015年第6期803-809,共7页
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences
基金
国家科技支持计划(2014BAD10B08)
关键词
农业机器人
智能装备
研究现状
agricultural robot, intelligent equipment, research status
