摘要
为解决目前深松作业机具耕作阻力大、深松深度不稳定、耕作质量不高的问题,该文采用振动减阻原理设计研制了受迫振动深松机。通过分析深松铲的结构和运动过程,建立深松铲的数学模型;确定影响深松牵引阻力的参数;采用正交试验方法得出影响受迫振动参数的最优组合：前进速度2 km/h,振动频率为10 Hz,振动角度为12°。为了验证性能参数最优组合的正确性,开展了受迫振动深松机性能参数检测试验。试验结果表明：振动深松前后,土壤各土层容重均下降,表层土下降达21.74%;在〉15~25 cm土层含水率增加16.02%;深松后地表平整,耕深稳定变异系数为7.37%,稳定性系数92.63%,振动深松作业后测得土壤扰动系数为57.11%,土壤蓬松度为36.96%,土壤蓬松度和扰动系数均达测试指标的要求。采用受迫振动能使振动深松机显著降低牵引阻力9.09%,减阻效果明显。该研究对深松机振动特性分析与性能参数设计提供了参考。
In order to solve the problem of high traction resistance of the traditional subsoiler, a forced-vibration subsoiler was designed and developed. This paper introduced the structure and described the working principle of this forced-vibration subsoiler. What was more, the motion process of the vibrating deep loosening shovels was analyzed and the motion equation of the shovel point was established. Type of forward velocity, vibration frequency and vibration angle were selected as 3 factors of the orthogonal simulation experiment to evaluate their effects on traction resistance, total power and torque in the soil-bin experiment. The sequence of factors in affecting the traction resistance was vibration frequency forward velocity vibration angle. The traction resistance was reported to increase consistently with the increasing of forward velocity. The sequence of factors in affecting the total power was forward velocity vibration frequency vibration angle, and the total power values firstly increased and then decreased with the increasing of vibration frequency while the total power values firstly decreased and then increased with the increasing of vibration angle. The sequence of factors in affecting the torque was vibration frequency forward velocity vibration angle, and the torque values firstly increased and then decreased with the increasing of forward velocity while the torque values consistently increased with the increasing of vibration frequency. The optimal combination of the performance parameters was the forward velocity of 2 km/h, the vibration frequency of 10 Hz and the vibration angle of 12°. For further validating the rationality of optimal combination of parameters, the test on working performance of the forced-vibration subsoiler was carried out in the experimental field, and soil properties（bulk density and water content）, soil bulkiness, soil disturbance coefficient and traction resistance were selected as the evaluation indicators to compare with non-vibration subsoiler. The results showed
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第21期17-24,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(5136505)
现代农业产业技术体系建设项目-玉米-夏播区生产全程机械化(CARS-02)
新疆兵团科技人员服务南疆专项(2014BA058)
石河子大学高层次人才启动项目(RCZX201307)
关键词
农业机械
振动
优化
深松机
减阻
性能参数
agricultural machinery
vibrations
optimization
subsoiler
resistance reduction
performance parameter
