摘要
于2013年5月利用带宽为20 Hz^100 k Hz的水听器测量系统对大连市周边近岸海域的大黑石、付家庄、星海湾、塔河湾、海之韵5个典型站位的水下噪声进行了测量,获取各站点海洋环境噪声数据以及风速、海况等环境要素,然后进行噪声平均声压级(Sound pressure level,SPL)的计算和20 Hz^100 k Hz带宽的噪声频谱分析。结果表明:付家庄、星海湾海区噪声平均声压级分别为126.58、123.39 d B(以1μPa为参考声压,下同),船舶航行、近岸工程建设等人为噪声是该海区的主要噪声源;大黑石、塔河湾海域的海洋噪声较低,平均声压级分别为115.66、122.17 d B,潮汐和风浪等自然噪声是该海域的主要海洋噪声源;货运港口及航道附近的海之韵海域平均声压级最高,为132.53 d B,船舶航行等为主要噪声源。总体上,大连周边近岸海域海洋噪声受人类活动因素影响较大,在港口航道、海洋工程等区域显示了较高的噪声水平,而地处渤海的养殖海域噪声最低。本次测量的平均声压级处于鱼类和海洋哺乳动物的听力范围之内,但因声压级相对较低,对当地海水养殖业和海洋哺乳动物应该不会产生显著影响。
The ambient sea noise was monitored in five typical inshore stations including Daheishi, Fujiazhuang, Xinghai Bay, Tahe Bay and Haizhiyun around Dalian by a hydrophone measuring system with a 20 Hz-100 kHz op-erating bandwidth in May, 2013. The underwater noise data, the wind speed and sea state factors were also recor-ded synchronously, and then the average sound pressure levels （ SPL） and the noise spectra were analyzed at vari-ous stations. The results showed that the average SPL was 126. 58 dB at Fujiazhuang and 123. 39 dB at Xinghai Bay （1 μP as reference, et sequentia） in the sea noise which was primarily derived from navigation and inshore con-struction engineering, with relatively lower sea noise at Daheishi （average SPL of 115. 66 dB） and Tahe Bay （aver-age SPL of 122. 17 dB） than at other stations. It was found that tide and wind wave were the main sources of sea noise at Daheishi, and Tahe Bay. The maximal sea noise （132. 53 dB） was observed at the Haizhiyun station near Dalian freight terminal and sea passage, where navigation, loading and unloading were attributed in the main sources of sea noise. There was relative higher level of ambient sea noise in the area near the sea passage and sea-ports than that in the marine culture area in the Bohai Sea. The measured average SPL, relatively lower SPL noise, was within the hearing range of fish and marine mammals, and did not significantly affect on the local aquaculture and marine mammals.
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期553-557,共5页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
农业部"948"项目(2011-G29)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(10774021)
农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室开放课题(K201201)
关键词
海洋环境噪声
平均声压级
海洋噪声频谱
大连近岸海域
ambient sea noise
average sound pressure level
sea noise spectrum
inshore water of Dalian
