摘要
论文研究了3012铝合金H19、H26和O三种状态在-175℃～300℃区间力学性能随温度的变化规律。结果表明：三种状态的力学性能对温度特别敏感，强度都随温度的升高而增加。因此，不同季节不同地区引起的铝舍金强度测试差异远超出标准要求的波动范围，常常造成众多商业纠纷；不同状态的伸长率在25℃以下的低温变化有较大区别，H19和O状态没有低温塑性现象，H19在-130℃～25℃还出现了一定的低温脆性现象，而H26的伸长率在室温最低，在-175℃达到室温的两倍以上，出现了低温异常优良塑性。研究结果对开发用于极端环境（低于一10℃和高于50℃）的铝合金具有重要的科学意义和工程价值。
This article studied on how the mechanical properties of three states H19, H26, and O of aluminium 3012 alloy changed with the temperature from -175 ℃ to 300 ℃. The result indicated that the mechanical strength value increased sharply with the temperature rising and the testing differences of mechanical strength between different areas and time were far more than allowed. Also, these three states of aluminium 3012 alloy were largely different in elongation at room temperature below. The H19 and O states had no low-temperature plasticity and H19 even had certain brittleness from -130℃ to 25 ℃ while H2, had perfect low-temperature plasticity when its elongation at -175 ℃ was twice than that at room temperature. This research had much importantly theoretical and actual significance on aluminium alloy applied in extreme environment （temperature below -10 ℃ and above 50 ℃ ）.
出处
《世界有色金属》
2015年第10期20-25,共6页
World Nonferrous Metals
基金
国家科技部项目(2011DFR50950)
关键词
铝合金
低温力学性能
极端环境
aluminium alloy
low-temperature mechanical property
extreme environment
