摘要
目的 分析本次尼泊尔博克拉地震后送伤员的伤情特点,总结中国政府医疗队救援经验.方法 将本次尼泊尔博克拉8.1级地震后送至中国政府医疗队战地医院374例住院伤员按致伤原因分组,对其基本情况及伤情经行回顾性分析.结果 共纳入374例地震后送入院伤员.年龄（30.1 ±12.4）岁.其中,建筑物压砸掩埋伤组154例、逃生压砸伤组123例、逃生平地跌伤组58例及高处坠落伤组39例.确诊骨折者273例（296处）、严重多发伤者34例.高处坠落伤组年龄（22.3±7.4岁）明显低于其他组（均P＜0.05）,逃生平地跌伤组年龄（48.4±13.3岁）明显高于其他组（均P ＜0.05）.男性因高处坠落致伤的概率较大（14.2％：7.1％,x2=5.077,P=0.024）,女性因逃生平地跌伤概率较大（19.7％：10.8％,x2=5.635,P=0.018）.296处骨折中四肢骨折发生率最高（66.6％）,逃生压砸伤组颅骨骨折发生率（31.6％）较其他组为高（均P＜0.05）,高处坠落伤组脊柱骨折发生率（40.0％）较其他组为高（均P＜0.05）;建筑物压砸掩埋伤组及高处坠落伤组多发伤发生率差异无统计学意义（16.9％：12.8％,x2 =0.381,P=0.537）,但都显著高于逃生压砸伤组和逃生平地跌伤组（均P＜ 0.05）.各类处置中创面处置最多（57.5％）,其次为石膏托固定（30.9％）.144例软组织裂伤患者中首次换药发现创口感染者25例（17.4％）,经积极正规的清创处理后,3d分泌物涂片转阴率达72％,7d分泌物涂片转阴率达100％.结论 本次中国政府医疗队收治的伤员存在年龄小、危重症少、创口感染率高的特点.各类骨折与开放性创面处理是医疗处置的重点.虽面临医疗设备简陋、药品匮乏等诸多困难,但是凭借多次参加国内地震灾害救援的经验积累,中国政府医疗队圆满地完成了任务.
Objective To analyze the feature of victims transported from Nepal Pokhara＇s earthquake,and summarized the rescuing experiences got by the Chinese government medical team.Methods A total of 374 casualties from the 2015 Nepal＇s earthquake magnitude 8.1 transported to the Field Hospital of the Chinese government medical team were classified into four groups according to different causes of injury,and then retrospectively analyzed the types of injury,vital signs,severity of injury and causes of injury.Results Of 374 casualties,the average age was （30.1 ± 12.4） years,and were divided into group A （n =154） in which casualties trapped under ruined buildings,group B （n =123） in which the victims had crushed injury during escaping with their lives,group C （n =58） in which the wounded had injury resulted from fall on the ground during fleeing for their lives and group D （n =39） in which the injury of casualties was caused by fall from high level.Of them,273 patients （296 parts of body injured） suffered from fracture including 34 patients with severe multiple trauma.The average age in the group D （22.3 ±7.4 years old） was significant younger compared with the others （all P 〈 0.05）.The average age in the group C （48.4 ± 13.3 years old） was significant older compared to the others （all P 〈 0.05）.The injury probability was higher for male in the group D （14.2% vs.7.1%,x2 =5.077,P =0.024） and the injury probability was higher for female in the group C （19.7% vs 10.8%,x2 =5.635,P =0.018）.The incidence of limbs fracture was highest （66.6%） in all 296 parts of body injured.The incidence of skull fracture in the group B （31.6%） was higher compared to the others （all P〈0.05）,and the incidence of spinal fracture in the group D （40.0%） was higher compared to the others （all P 〈 0.05）.There was no significant difference in the severe multiple trauma incidence between the group A and the group D （16.9% vs.12.8%,x2 =0.381,P =0.537）,but both group A an
出处
《中华急诊医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期1086-1090,共5页
Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
关键词
地震
创伤
山地
致伤原因
受伤机制
救援
尼泊尔
病例分析
Earthquake
Trauma
Mountain
Injury reason
Injury mechanism
Rescue
Nepal
Case-analysis
