摘要
[Objective] The study aims to analyze characteristics of thunderstorm activity in Hefei City. [Method] Based on conventional ground observational data during1981-2010 and lightning location data in 2010-2013 in Hefei City, temporal and spatial variation of thunderstorm days were analyzed using statistical methods, and then the distribution laws of thunderstorm days were compared with the lightning location data. [Result] In Hefei City, multi-year average of thunderstorm days from1981 to 2010 was more in the south but less in the north, and annual distribution of thunderstorm days was extremely uneven. Moreover, there were obvious seasonal and monthly variation in thunderstorm days in Hefei City. Thunderstorm days were the most in summer, and monthly average of thunderstorm days in Hefei City had a peak in July. From 2010 to 2013, the monthly variation curves of total frequency of cloud-to-ground lightning and frequency of negative cloud-to-ground lightning in Hefei City had a peak each, and cloud-to-ground lightning was frequent in July and August, especially August. The frequency of cloud-to-ground lightning exceeded the average from 12：00 to 21：00. The maximum intensity of cloud-to-ground lightning in Hefei City varied greatly in different months, and it was the highest in July. There are certain differences between the two kinds of data in the distribution laws, so it is needed to combine data of lightning position indicator and long-term artificial observation data to study the detection efficiency of lightning position indicator. [Conclusion] The research can provide theoretical references for lightning protection and disaster reduction in Hefei City.
[目的]深入了解合肥市雷暴活动的特征,对合肥市防雷减灾提供有力的理论支撑。[方法]根据合肥地区1981~2010年常规地面观测资料与2010~2013年闪电定位仪资料,用统计方法对雷暴日数的时空变化进行分析,总结合肥市雷暴分布规律。[结果]合肥市年均雷暴日空间分布上呈现南多北少,年变化分布极度不均;雷暴日数有明显的季、月变化,夏季为雷暴高发期,雷暴日月变化呈单峰型,最大值出现在7月;合肥市总闪和负闪的年变化呈典型的单峰分布特征,闪电的高发期集中在7~8月,其中8月最为突出;各月闪电最大强度跨度范围较大,其中7月份最为突出;12：00~21：00时属于强闪电高发时段;分析两种资料得出的分布规律有所差异的原因,常规雷暴观测资料的人为因素的影响及闪电定位仪资料误判,对观测数据质量带来很大影响。[结论]此闪电定位仪需要结合长期人工观测资料对其探测效率进行研究。
