摘要
绿洲社会是拉铁摩尔新疆考察的主要对象,也反映其边疆研究范式的典型案例。通过分析绿洲景观的不同类型及亲疏关系,拉铁摩尔创建了以沙漠绿洲为经典形态的绿洲体系,并探讨了绿洲社会的总体特征。他认为,绿洲社会是一种可与游牧社会、农耕社会并列的第三种社会形态,而作为中国侧翼边疆上的绿洲社会,在与其它两种社会的交往中,表现出亲近农耕社会,排斥游牧社会的倾向。鸦片战争以后,工业化文明对中国的冲击破坏了绿洲社会故有的社会基础,绿洲社会最终隐藏在中国农业—工业化文明形态之中,但是其与中国内地的社会基本矛盾并未根除。这一理论自"民族国家"的研究主流语境之外,率先发现新疆边缘族群的话语价值,有其超越时代局限的先进性,对分析中国目前所面对的新疆民族问题有重要参考意义,但其公式化的弊端也很明显。
Oasis society was the important investigation object of Owen Lattimore, and it was al- so the typical case of Lattimore＇ s paradigm about his border area study. He analyzed and studied the types of oasis landscape and their far and near relationship and establishes the oasis system which took the desert oasis as the classical form, and sumed up the overall characteristics of oasis society. He thought that compared to the pastoral society and the agricultural society, it was the third social for- mation. As China＇ s flanking force, oasis society reflected one certain tendency to be close to the ag- ricultural society and far away from the pastoral society in its contact with these two societies. After the Opium War, the impact of industrial civilization upon China undermined the original foundation of the oasis society. Ultimately, oasis society kept its presence hidden in China＇ s agricultural--indus- trial civilization though its essential social contradiction with inland China wasn＇ t removed. Inde- pendent from the major study context of ＂national states＂, this theory took the lead in exploring the discourse value of Xinjiang marginal ethnic groups and had its significance in analyzing the present Xinjiang ethnic minority issue faced by China. The advancement of this thoery oversteped the limita- tion of the age while it had an obvious disadvantage of formulation.
出处
《中国历史地理论丛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第3期148-160,共13页
Journal of Chinese Historical Geography
基金
国家社科基金重点项目"拉铁摩尔在中国内陆边疆地区的科学考察活动及其影响研究"(12AZS011)的研究成果之一
关键词
拉铁摩尔
绿洲社会
新疆
侧翼边疆
Lattimore
Xinjiang
Oasis Society
the Flank Frontier
