摘要
以太行山片麻岩山区植被退化的天然荒草坡和基岩裸露的灌草坡以及人工爆破整地形成的隔坡梯田台面和覆土梯田坡面为研究对象，比较其土壤物理和化学性质，分析天然退化山场和人工整地山场对土壤物理结构和养分含量的影响。结果表明：（1）4种类型土壤密度均大于1．4 g／cm3，土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度均表现为：梯田坡面＞荒草坡＞灌草坡＞梯田台面，非毛管孔隙度与毛管孔隙度比值在0．07～0．31之间。（2）土壤持水力总体表现为：梯田坡面＞梯田台面＞荒草坡＞灌草坡，人工整地梯田的土壤最大持水量和毛管持水量是天然灌草坡的2倍。（3）土壤稳渗速率表现为：梯田坡面（4．82 mm／min）＞梯田台面（2．88 mm／min）＞荒草坡（1．23 mm／min）＞灌草坡（0．89 mm／min），人工整地的土壤稳渗速率是天然类型的2～4倍。（4）土壤PH在6．5～8．0之间，显中性偏碱性；土壤有机质和碱解氮均值表现为：荒草坡＞灌草坡＞梯田台面＞梯田坡面，天然灌草坡的土壤有机质和碱解氮含量均是人工整地类型的2～4倍。（5）土壤速效磷均值表现为：梯田台面（28．42 mg／kg）＞荒草坡（15．07 mg／kg）＞灌草坡（14．50 mg／kg）＞梯田坡面（4．93 mg／kg）；土壤速效钾的含量在27．94～49．55 mg／kg之间，人工整地前后差异不明显。
Taking the degraded natural wasteland slope ,shrub‐herb slope on exposed bedrock , terraces with slope formed by artificial explosion and attached soil terraces slope in gneiss site in Taihang mountainous area as the research objectives ,we compared the soil physicochemical properties and analyzed the influence of the natural degraded mountain and the terraces hill formed by artificial soil preparation on soil physical structure and nutrient content .The re‐sults showed that ：（1） the soil bulk density of 4 sites were all lager than 1 .4 g/cm3 .The total soil porosity ,capillary porosity and non‐capillary porosity in different sites all behaved as ：terraces slope 〉 wasteland slope 〉 shrub‐herb slope 〉 terraced fields .The ratio of non‐cap‐illary porosity to capillary porosity was in 0 .07～0 .31 .（2） The water‐holding capacity of soil behaved as ：terraces slope 〉 terraced fields 〉 w asteland slope 〉 shrub‐herb slope and the maximum water‐holding capacity and capillary moisture of artificial soil preparation site type were 2 times as many as that of natural site type .（3） The soil steady infiltration rate behaved as：terraces slope （4 .82 mm/min ） 〉 terraced fields （2 .88 mm/min ） 〉 w asteland slope （1 .23 mm/min） 〉 shrub‐herb slope （0 .89 mm/min） and that of artificial soil preparation site type was 2 to 4 times than that of natural site type .（4） The soil pH value of 4 sites were 6 .5~8 .0 ,in neutral or slight alkaline .The mean of soil organic matter and soil available nitrogen all behaved as：w asteland slope 〉 shrub‐herb slope〉 terraced fields 〉 terraces slope and both of them in natural site type were 2 to 4 times as high as that in artificial soil preparation site type .（5） The mean of soil available phosphorus behaved as：terraced fields （28 .42 mg/kg） 〉w asteland slope （15 .07 mg/kg ） 〉 shrub‐herb slope （14 .50 mg/kg ）〉 terraces slope （4 .93 mg/kg） .The soil available potassium was in 27 .94
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期83-89,共7页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金
国家林业局行业公益专项(201404214)
河北省科技计划项目(13236809D-2
13236809D-14-1)
关键词
片麻岩山地
类型
土壤
理化性质
gneissic mountain
site type
soil
physical and chemical properties
