摘要
本文利用NCEP再分析资料和CAMS中尺度云分辨模式，在对发生在山西省2010年4月20日-4月21日的大到暴雨、局部强对流天气过程的客观模拟基础上，通过向过冷云水和上升速度重合的区域直接引入人工冰晶模拟研究引晶催化的效应，主要得到以下结论：在云体发展早期引人人工冰晶可以使地面雨量在催化后30min开始增加，80min时地面累积雨量达到峰值，随后缓慢减少，在催化后120min时，地面累积雨量的增加达到最小值。这个阶段基本属于提前和加强降水，造成了地面雨量的再分配。由于催化区域内存在过冷雨滴，人工冰晶的引入使得大量过冷雨滴快速转变为霰粒子，霰粒通过淞附云水过程（Ccg）和碰并雨滴过程（Crg）增长，促使云中冰相降水过程发展加强，最终霰的融化（Mgr）使雨水比质量增加，导致地面降水增加。大量冻结潜热的释放，使云中温度增加，上升速度增强，“静力催化作用”与“动力催化作用”相互关联、不可割裂。
Based on NCEP analysis data and CAMS meso-scale cloud resolving model, by numerical simulating on the heavy rainfall and local strong convective weather occurred in Shanxi on 20 - 21 April 2010, The effect of the catalyst has been analyzed through directly introducing artificial ice crystals into the area of the water and the risi velocity of the cold cloud. The results show that： The early introduction of artificial ice crystals in the early stage ng of cloud development can made the surface rainfall increase after 30min. The ground accumulated rainfall reached the peak at 80min, and then decreased slowly, and the increase of the ground accumulated rainfall reached the minimum in the catalytic 120min. This stage basically belonged to advance and strengthen the precipitation, resulting in the redistribution of surface rainfall. Due to the existence of the supercooled raindrop in catalytic regions, the introduction of artificial ice made lots of supercooled rain drops rapidly changing into graupel particles, and graupel by riming cloud water process （Ccg） and coagulation and growth of rain process （Crg） , prompted the cloud ice phase pre the cipitation strengthening, and finally graupel melting（ Mgr ） made the rainwater ratio increase in quality, Ieading to increased precipitation on the ground . The release of a large number of freezing latent heat increased the temperature of the cloud and the speed of the rise. ＂ Static catalysis ＂ and ＂ dynamic catalysis ＂ were interrelated and cannot be separated.
出处
《山西气象》
2015年第2期39-48,共10页
Shanxi Meteorological Quarterly
关键词
冷锋云系
人工引晶催化
数值模拟
cold front cloud, artificial seeding, numerical simulation, experiment, research.
