摘要
中国工业部门工资扭曲的影响因素众多,但现有研究尚未从环境规制的视角进行探讨。本文通过基于超越对数生产函数的随机前沿分析方法测算了2001-2012年中国工业行业的工资扭曲指数,进而采用能够有效控制"内生性"的系统广义矩估计方法考察了环境规制强度等因素对工资扭曲的影响,研究发现:样本区间内中国工业几乎所有行业均出现了实际工资低于劳动边际生产率的"向下扭曲"现象,且工资扭曲指数经历了先升后降的"倒U形"演化趋势,不同行业的工资扭曲程度差异较大;环境规制强度的提升一方面增强了劳动边际产品价值,另一方面抑制了实际工资增长,并因此加剧了工资扭曲程度;而行业竞争强度、创新投入、外资比重和行业的资本化程度等因素的提升则有利于缓解工资扭曲现象。严峻的环境污染问题要求加强环境治理,然而这将恶化工资扭曲现象,因此政府需要出台相关辅助政策来维持要素市场的竞争秩序。
There are many factors influencing wage distortion in Chinese industrial sectors,but the existing research from a perspective of environmental regulation is relatively rare.This paper employs SFA method based on trans-log production function to estimate wage distortion index in industrial sectors from 2001 to 2012,and systematically investigates the impacts of factors like environmental regulation on wage distortion by using systematic GMM method that can effectively control the endogeneity.It comes to the conclusions as follows：firstly,in the sample period there is a downward distortion phenomenon that real wages of almost all industrial sectors are lower than marginal labor productivity,and wage distortion index experiences an inverted U-shape evolution trend;and there are large differences in wage distortion degree among different sectors;secondly,the rise in environmental regulation intensity enhances marginal products value of labor,and restrains the real wage growth,thereby intensifying the degree of wage distortion;thirdly,the rise in factors such as industry competition intensity,innovation investment,the proportion of foreign capital and the degree of industry capitalization helps to alleviate the wage distortion.Severe environmental pollution requires environmental regulation,deteriorating the degree of wage distortion,so our government needs to introduce relevant auxiliary policies to maintain competition order of production elements market.
出处
《财经研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第9期133-144,共12页
Journal of Finance and Economics
关键词
环境规制
工资扭曲
随机前沿分析
动态面板模型
工业部门
environmental regulation
wage distortion
stochastic frontier analysis
dynamic panel model
industrial sector
