摘要
以500m3/d电解锰废水工程为例,对超滤+二级纳滤+反渗透的组合膜工艺进行实践验证,重点考察了各级膜系统的通量、离子的截留率、浓缩倍数在运行期间的变化.2010年5月至2012年5月期间,膜组通量随着时间的推进各级膜系统均有不同程度的下降,其中一级纳滤下降最为严重,约16%,但经化学清洗后可恢复至原膜通量的90%以上.膜组对离子截留率较为稳定,纳滤系统对二价锰离子截留率>90%,对硫酸根离子截留率为80%左右,但对铵根离子效果较差,反渗透系统对铵根离子的截留率均值可达91.6%;纳滤系统可以在压力小范围(<0.2 MPa)内调节条件下,保证浓缩液中锰离子浓度,浓缩倍数保持在8倍左右.最终排水符合《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)中一级排放标准,整套系统运行良好,可满足电解锰废水的资源化回收和达标排放.
A project with 500 m^3/d for treating electrolytic manganese wasrewater was studied membrane processes, including microfiltration, two steps of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis were used. The flux, retention rate and concentration ratio were investigated. During the period from 2 010. 5 to 2 012.5, the membrane flux declined over time. The first stage nanofiltration membrane flux fell the most serious, about 16%, but after chemical cleaning, it can be restored to the 90% of the initial data. The interception rates of membrane groups were stable during the time. Mn^2＋ retention rate of nanofiltration was about 80%, hut the effect for ammonium system was more than 90%, while retention rate for SO4^2- ion was poor. Ammonium ion reiection rate of the reverse osmosis system meant up to 91. 6%. The concentration multiples of the manganese ion of the nanofiltration system can be remained at about 8 in small pressure range. The final drainage meet the first class discharge standard of ＂integrated wastewater discharge standard＂ （GB 8978--1996）. Consequently, the system can meet the needs of electrolytic manganese wastewater resources recycling and discharge standards.
出处
《膜科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期59-64,共6页
Membrane Science and Technology
关键词
含锰废水
截留率
膜通量
浓缩倍数
wastewater containing Mn^2＋
retention rate
membrane flux
concentration multiple
