摘要
X-ray diffraction （XRD） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） analyses were carried out to investigate the surface species and interfacial reactions during bioleaching of chalcopyrite by different strains of moderately thermophilic bacteria （45 °C）. Results show that monosulfide （CuS）, disulfide （S22？）, polysulfide （Sn2？）, elemental sulfur （S0） and sulfate （SO42？） are the main intermediate species on the surface of chalcopyrite during bioleaching byA. caldus,S. thermosulfidooxidans andL. ferriphilum. The low kinetics of dissolution of chalcopyrite inA. caldus can be mainly attributed to the incomplete dissolution of chalcopyrite and the passivation layer of polysulfide. Polysulfide and jarosite should be mainly responsible for the passivation of chalcopyrite in bioleaching byL. ferriphilumorS. thermosulfidooxidans. However, elemental sulfur should not be the main composition of passivation layer of chalcopyrite during bioleaching.
采用X射线衍射(XRD)与X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究黄铜矿在中度嗜热菌浸出过程中的表面产物变化。结果表明,在A.caldus,S.thermosulfidooxidans与L.ferriphilum浸出过程中,一硫化物(Cu S)、二硫化物(S2-2)、元素硫(S0)、多硫化物(S2-n)与硫酸盐(SO2-4)是黄铜矿表面的主要产物。在A.caldus浸出黄铜矿过程速率较慢,这主要是由于黄铜矿的不完全溶解产生多硫化物,限制了进一步的溶解。在S.thermosulfidooxidans与L.ferriphilum浸出黄铜矿过程中,多硫化物与黄钾铁矾是钝化膜的主要成分。元素硫不是导致黄铜矿生物冶金过程钝化的主要物质。
基金
Projects(51374248,51320105006)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
Project(NCET-13-0595)supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,China
Project(2014T70692)supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
