摘要
目的了解西藏艾滋病流行的现状和特征,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法对2004-2013年西藏地区艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)的疫情资料,用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 10年累计报告HIV/AIDS病例253例,主要以住院病人、自愿咨询检测者为主,占疫情报告总数的53.0%(134/253),病例分布于全区7个地市。感染途径主要以异性性传播为主,占疫情报告总数的93.7%(237/253),且男性感染发病多于女性;职业分布广泛,以无业、干部、农牧民为主,分别占病例总数的22.9%(58/253)、18.6%(47/253)和11.1%(28/253)。全区累计疫情报告数最高的是拉萨地区,病例数达62例,占疫情报告总数的24.5%(62/253)。结论西藏自治区全区艾滋病疫情整体呈上升趋势,感染人群从高危人群转向普通人群,波及各个职业的人群及种族。藏族感染人数逐年上升,其中牧民感染者明显增多,那曲地区尤为显著。在强化对广泛大众健康教育的基础上,加强对发现的HIV/AIDS病人的管理,落实对重点农牧民、各个行业人群普及HIV/AIDS知识,提高对HIV/AIDS危机意识和自我保护意识,进行综合干预是今后工作的重要防治策略。
Objective To acquire epidemical status and characteristics of HIV/AIDS and to provide evidences and strategies on HIV/AIDS prevention in Tibet.Methods Reported cases of HIV/AIDS in Tibet from year 2004 to 2013were analyzed through epidemical descriptive methods.Results A total of 253 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported throughout 7regions of Tibet during the ten years,which were mainly collected from inpatients and Voluntary Counseling and Testing（VCT）（53.0%,134/253）.Heterosexual transmission was the main route of HIV/AIDS transmission,which accounted for 93.7%（237/253）.Male infector of HIV/AIDS was more than females.Occupation distribution was widely dispersed which was mainly existed in unemployed 22.9%（58/253）,government staffs18.6%（47/253）,nomads and peasants 11.1%（28/253）.Conclusion The infectious trend of HIV/AIDS is gradually increasing in Tibet.The risk extended from high risk groups to general population,and existed in various occupations and races.HIV-infected cases remarkably increased in Tibetan especially in nomad group in Nachu region.It is important to implement comprehensive intervention including enforcing public health education,strengthening early detection of HIV infectors,enhancing AIDS patients management,propagating scientific knowledge among various occupations especially for nomad and peasants,and increasing self protection awareness and risk awareness of HIV/AIDS.
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第8期718-719,722,共3页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
