4Kuczkowski K M. Implementing safe obstetric aneathesia in easternEurope [J]. The Journal of Maternal -fetal and Neonatal Medicine,2009,22(8):640-645. 被引量:1
6Miller R D, Eriksson L, Fleisher L A, et al. Miller5s anesthesia:anesthesia for obsterics[M]. Churchill Livingstone : Elsevier, 2010. 被引量:1
7BeiLin Y. An update on obstetric anesthesia[J]. Semin CardiothoracVase Anesth, 2010, 14(1): 64-65. 被引量:1
8Yahalom B, Athiraman U, Soriano S G, et al. Spinal anesthesiain infant rats : development of a model and assessment of Nurologicoutcomes[J]. Anesthesiology, 2011, 114(6): 1325-1335. 被引量:1
9David L, Brown. Spinal, epidural, and caudal anesthesia miller RD[M]. San Francisco:Harcourt Asia Churchill Livingstone, Miller’sAnesthesia, 2009(11): 1624-1625. 被引量:1
2Wang JK, Nauss LA, Thomas JE. Pain relief by intrathecally ap- plied morphine in man[J]. Anesthesiology, 1979, 50(2) : 149-151. 被引量:1
3Yaksh TL, Rudy TA. Analgesia mediated by a direct spinal ac- tion of narcotics[J]. Science, 1976, 192(4246).. 1357-1358. 被引量:1
4Prpping DM, Ella N, Marret E, et al. Opioids added to local an- esthetics for single-shot intrathecal anesthesia in patients undergo- ing minor surgery: a meta- analysis of randomized trials[J]. Pa!n, 2012, 153(4):784-793. 被引量:1
5Bujedo BM. Current evidence for spinal opioid selection in postop- erative pain[J]. Korean J Pain, 2014, 27(3) : 200-209. 被引量:1
6Prpping DM, Elia N, Wenk M, et al. Combination of a reduced dose of an intrathecal local anesthetic with a small dose of an opi- old: a meta-analysis of randomized trials [J]. Pain, 2013, 154 (8) : 1383-1390. 被引量:1
7Gauchan S, Thapa C, Prasai A, et al. Effects of intrathecal fent- anyl as an adjunct to hyperbaric bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia for elective caesarean section[J]. Nepal Med CoIl J, 2014 , 16 (1):5-8. 被引量:1
8Seetharam KR, Bhat G. Effects of isobaric ropivacaine with or without fentanyl in subarachnoid blockade: A prospective double- blind, randomized study[J]. Nnesth Essays Res, 2015, 9 (2):173-177. 被引量:1
9Chen X, Qian X, Fu F, etal. Intrathecal sufentanil decreases the median effective dose (El) 50) of intrathecal hyperbaric ropiva- eaine for caesarean delivery[J]. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 2010, 54(3) : 284-290. 被引量:1
10Zheng D, Wu G, Qin P, etal. Hyperbaric spinal anesthesia with ropivaeaine coadministered with sufentanil for cesarean delivery: a dose-response study[J]. Int J Clin Exp Med, 2015, 8 (4) : 5739- 5745. 被引量:1