摘要
环境噪声会降低动物声信号可探测性,是动物声信号进化的压力。为了避免人工噪声干扰,多数脊椎动物调整其叫声的频谱-时间结构,如采用延长叫声持续时间、提高频率和增加强度等策略。本研究选择回声定位声波频率范围与交通噪声频率范围相互重叠的东方蝙蝠(Vespertilio sinensis)为研究对象,在自然条件下开展实验,研究交通噪声对蝙蝠回声定位声波的影响。本实验选择交通噪声强度存在差异的两个样点,分别录制东方蝙蝠的回声定位声波,分析其结构参数。在交通噪声强度较高的样点,东方蝙蝠回声定位声波的持续时间、斜率均未显著改变,但起始频率、主频、终止频率及带宽均显著提高。结果表明,东方蝙蝠的回声定位行为在交通噪声干扰下具有明显的可塑性。
Ambient noise is treated as an evaluative pressure on bats since it can reduce their detective ability for audio message. Vertebrates use a number of strategies to avoid signal masking by humam making noise, including increasing call duration, frequency and amplitude. Here, we tested whether traffic noise influenced echolocation behavior in Asian parti-colored bat（Vespertilio sinensis） under natural condition. We recorded the echolocation pulses from two groups of bats while flying in areas with different traffic noise levels. We recorded 143 pulses at the site in which the mean amplitude of noise was 73.7 d B and 212 pulses at another site in which the mean amplitude of noise was 58.6 d B. To characterize echolocation pulse, we measured six spectral parameters（duration, starting frequency, peak frequency, ending frequency, bandwidth and slope）. The results showed that only pulse frequency was shifted upward in respond to high traffic noise, including starting frequency（T test： t353 = 13.67, P〈0.001）, peak frequency（Mann-Whitney U： P〈0.001）, ending frequency（Mann-Whitney U： P〈0.001） and bandwidth（T test： t353 = 4.30, P〈0.05）, but not in call duration（T test： t353 = 0.017, P〈0.05） and slope（Mann-Whitney U： P〈0.05）（Table 1）. These results indicate that Asian parti-colored bat can modify the features of echolocation pulses in traffic noisy environments.
出处
《动物学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期615-620,共6页
Chinese Journal of Zoology
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.31030011)
国家自然科学基金项目(No.31100280)
教育部新教师青年基金项目(No.20110043120015)
关键词
回声定位声波
频率
交通噪声
东方蝙蝠
Echolocation pulse
Frequency
Traffic noise
Asian parti-colored bat Vespertilio sinensis
