摘要
目的了解浙江省城乡社区60岁以上老年人害怕跌倒而减少活动的发生现状及其影响因素。方法2013年10-12月由经过培训的调查员人户对1972名60岁以上老年人进行问卷调查，采用单因素和多因素logis6c回归分析其影响因素。结果因害怕跌倒而减少活动的老年人比例为43．15％（95％CI：40．97％～45．34％），其中男性和女性分别为41．79％（95％CI：38．61％～44．98％）和44．36％（95％CI：41．34％～47．38％），不同性别的差异无统计学意义（χ2=1．32，P〉0．05）；60-、70-及≥80岁组因害怕跌倒而减少活动的比例分别为37．07％、44．87％和59．04％（趋势χ2=48．93，P〈0．01）。过去12个月发生过跌倒老年人中，因害怕跌倒而减少活动的比例为51．94％，未曾发生过跌倒老年人中的比例为41．52％，差异有统计学意义（χ2=11．56，P〈0．01）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，自评健康状况一般（OR=1．53）或不好（OR=1．69）、视力不良（相距1～5m视物无困难：OR=1．95，〈1m才能辨认：OR=2．98）、听力不良（需大声交谈：OR=1．77）、经常使用辅具（OR=2．71）、年龄≥80岁（OR=1．56）、被诊断骨质疏松（OR=3．35）、被诊断眩晕症（OR=3．05）是老年人因害怕跌倒而减少活动的可疑危险因素，而文化程度高（大学及以上：OR=0．54，中学／中专：OR=0．54，小学：OR=0．74）是保护因素。结论浙江省城乡社区60岁以上老年人中害怕跌倒而减少活动的比例高。应针对患骨质疏松和眩晕症、视力和听力困难及自评健康状况差、经常使用辅具、文化程度低、高龄老年人开展健康教育，鼓励其适当运动，减少跌倒发生。
Objective To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and factors associated with the avoidance of activity, that induced by fear of falling in the community-dwelling elderly so as to provide evidence for preventing elderly from falling and to increase the quality of life. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1 972 elderly in Zhejiang. Data were collected through face-to-face interview. Both Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the related factors on the avoidance of activity induced by fear of falling. Results Of the 1 972 elderly, 43.15% （95%CI： 40.97%-45.34% ） appeared avoidance of activity induced by fear of falling. There were no significant difference between males （41.79%, 95%CI： 38.61%-44.98% ） andfemales （44.36%, 95%CI ： 41.34%-47.38% ）, with χ2= 1.32, P〉0.05. The corresponding figures of the 60-69 years group, 70-79 years group and the ≥80 years group were 37.07%, 44.87% and 59.04% , respectively （Trend χ2=48.93, P〈0.01）. Of those elderly who ever fell in the past 12 months, 51.94% （95%CI： 46.34%-57.53%） of them were afraid of falling which would lead to avoid of engaging in physical activities. Of the elderly who had no histories of falling in the past 12 months,41.52%（95%Cl： 39.14%-43.89%） feared of falling and avoided engaging in related activities （χ2=11.56, P〈0.01）. Results from the Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the related factors would include general/poor perceived health status （OR= 1.53-1.69）, impaired vision （OR = 1.95 -2.98）, impaired heating （ OR = 1.77）, use of assistive devices （OR = 2.71 ）, osteoporosis （OR=3.35） , dizziness （OR=3.05） , age ≥80 years old （OR=1.56） and the level of received education. Conclusion Avoidance of physical activity induced by fear of falling among community- dwelling elderly was commonly seen. Health education and intervention measures should be strengthened to the elderly, so as to encourage them to enga
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第8期794-798,共5页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
基金
浙江省医药卫生一般研究计划（2013KYB056）
关键词
跌倒
老年人
减少活动
影响因素
Falling
Elderly
Avoidance of activity
Influencing factors
