摘要
为探明膜下滴灌土壤湿润范围对棉花根区水热环境及棉花根系耗水的影响,设置滴头流量1.69(W169)、3.46(W346)和6.33 L·h-1(W633)3个水平,观测分析了棉花生育期土壤基质势、土壤温度及棉花根系生长和耗水分布状况.结果表明:膜下滴灌土壤温度主要受光照影响;不同类型土壤湿润区之间的土壤温度差异不明显,不同土壤湿润区的膜下土壤温度对棉花根系耗水也没有明显影响.但是随着土壤湿润区由窄深型向宽浅型过渡,棉花根区土壤基质吸力在水平方向上分布更趋于均匀,而棉花根系耗水强度主要受土壤基质吸力分布的影响.宽浅型土壤湿润区(W633)的棉花膜下内、边行根系耗水强度差值平均为0.67 mm·d-1,有利于内、边行棉株生长整齐;窄深型土壤湿润区(W169)的内、边行根系耗水强度差值平均为0.88 mm·d-1,不利于内、边行棉株均匀生长.可见,膜下滴灌技术设计中,土壤湿润区不应小于覆膜宽度,应使膜下土壤整体湿润.
To explore the effects of soil wetting pattern on soil water-thermal environment and water consumption of cotton root under mulched drip irrigation,a field experiment with three drip intensities（ 1. 69,3. 46 and 6. 33 L·h- 1）,was carried out in Shihezi,Xinjiang Autonomous Region.The soil matric potential,soil temperature,cotton root distribution and water consumption were mea-sured during the growing period of cotton. The results showed that the main factor influencing the soil temperature of cotton under plastic mulch was sunlight. There was no significant difference in the soil temperature and root water uptake under different treatments. The distribution of soil matrix suction in cotton root zone under plastic mulch was more homogeneous under ‘wide and shallow＇soil wetting pattern（ W633）. Under the‘wide and shallow＇soil wetting pattern,the average difference of cotton root water consumption between inner row and outer row was 0. 67 mm·d- 1,which was favorable to the cotton growing trimly at both inner and outer rows; for the ‘narrow and deep＇soil wetting pattern（ W169）,the same index was 0. 88 mm·d- 1,which was unfavorable to cotton growing uniformly at both inner and outer rows. So,we should select the broad-shallow type soil wetting pattern in the design of drip irrigation under mulch.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第8期2437-2444,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51069012)资助
关键词
滴灌
土壤湿润区
土壤温度
土壤基质吸力
根系分布
根系耗水
棉花
drip irrigation
soil wetting pattern
soil temperature
soil matrix suction
root distri-bution
root water consumption
cotton
