摘要
试验采用静态暴露法研究了全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）对大型蚤的急性毒性效应。试验结果表明：PFOA和PFOS对大型蚤均具有急性毒性效应。当大型蚤暴露于PFOA和PFOS72h时LC50值分别为102．41mg／L（95％置信区间为9．32～115．23mg／L）、70．65mg／L（95％置信区间为65．32～77．21mg／L），说明大型蚤对PFOS的毒性效应更为敏感，且72h内PFOA和PFOS对大型蚤的LC50值均随暴露浓度的增加及暴露时间的延长而降低；按照鱼类生态毒性分级，PFOA和PFOS对大型蚤的毒性等级均为低毒物质，而按照美国华盛顿州化学品毒性分级，均属于D级，即最低级毒性物质；暴露于PFOA和PFOS大型蚤的观察终点EC50值表明，PFOA和PFOS对大型蚤的活动抑制程度均随暴露时间的增加而增强，这与本研究得出的LC50值结果一致，且PFOS比PFOA对大型蚤表现出更强的抑制作用。可见，无论在大型蚤致死效应试验中还是活动抑制试验中，PFOS的毒性均强于PFOA。
This paper uses static exposure method to study the acute toxicity of perfluorooctanoie acid （PFOA） and perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS） to Daphnia rnagna. The results show that both the two typical perfluorinated surfactants have acute toxicity effects on Daphnia magna. The 72 h LC50 of PFOA and PFOS to Daphnia rnagna is 102.41 mg/L （95% confidence interval is 9.32~115.23） and 70. 65 mg/L （95% confidence interval is 65.32~ 77.21）respectively. This indicates that Daphnia rnagna is more sensitive to the toxic effect of PFOS than that of PFOA. And the LC50 values of PFOS and PFOA to Daphnia rnagna decrease with the increase of the exposure concentration and the extension of exposure time during 72 h. According to the classification of fish ecotoxicity, PFOS and PFOA are low toxic substances to Daphnia magna. And on the basis of the chemical toxicity grading in Washington State,USA,these two substances belong to D class which are the lowest toxic substances. The end- point ECho of Daphnia magna exposed to PFCs indicates that the activity inhibition of Daphnia magna increases with the increase of the exposure concentration,which is consistent with the result of LC50 obtained from this stud- y. Also PFOS shows a stronger inhibitory effect on Daphnia magna than PFOA does. The research results above show that PFOS has stronger toxicity than PFOA does whether in lethal effect test or in activity inhibition test to Daphnia magna.
出处
《安全与环境工程》
CAS
2015年第4期51-55,74,共6页
Safety and Environmental Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41373096)
国家环保公益基金项目(201509041-05)
河北省自然科学基金项目(B2014208068)
河北省药用分子化学实验室开放基金项目
河北省环保厅公益课题项目
河北省重点学科建设基金项目
关键词
全氟辛酸
全氟辛烷磺酸
大型蚤
急性毒性试验
寇式法
perfluorooctanoic acid（PFOA）
perfluorooctane sulfonate（PFOS）
Daphnia magna
acute toxic-ity experiment
Karber method
