摘要
流感病毒是现今世界流行最为广泛、传播最为迅速的人兽共患病毒之一,而气源性传播是流感病毒最有效的传播方式。流感病毒的相关基因,尤其是相关基因的关键氨基酸位点对其自身是否具有气源性传播能力具有决定性的作用。外界环境的改变会直接影响病毒气溶胶颗粒形成的数量和大小,进而影响传播效率。目前,经过长期的筛选和比较,将豚鼠和雪貂作为研究流感气源性传播的模式动物,根据不同目的或者单独使用或者协同实验。文章通过对病毒本身的生物学特性以及外界环境对气源性传播产生的影响进行了初步总结,对进行气源性传播的实验动物给出了综合评价,一方面为研究者提供较为全面的总结,另一方面为防治流感提供依据。
Influenza virus has raised more and more attention,which has infected quite a lot of animals all over the world. Airborne transmission, as the most efficient way to spread, has always been the focus. The related gene of the virus, especially the key amino sites on the gene,play a critical role in the airborne transmissibility. Meanwhile,the number and size of the virus particles have been affected by the outside environmental conditions,which has some impact on the transmission efficiency. The Guinea pigs and ferrets are known as the model for research of the airborne transmission of influenza virus. It gives a conclusion that the viral characteristics and outside environmental conditions have the effect on the airborne transmission. In addition, a comprehensive assessment of the model animals has been maked. People will acquire more information about it,which is helpful to prevent and treat the infectious cases.
出处
《中国家禽》
北大核心
2015年第13期43-49,共7页
China Poultry
基金
江苏省动物重要疫病与人兽共患病防控协同创新中心
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目
关键词
流感病毒
气源性传播
生物学特性
动物模型
环境因素
influenza virus
aerosol transmission
biological characteristics
animal model
environmental conditions
