摘要
目的:分析跖趾关节活动受限对行走时下肢生物力学特征的影响。方法:10名普通男性大学生分别完成正常和跖趾关节受限情况下的步行,同步采集运动学、动力学及下肢主要肌肉的表面肌电信号。计算髋、膝、踝的三维角度、关节净力矩、关节功率和关节功,计算各肌肉摆动相和支撑相的肌电均方根振幅(RMS)并获得肌电的线性包络线。结果:与正常步行比较,限制跖趾关节行走时步宽显著增大(P=0.032),摆动相百分比显著增大(P=0.002),支撑相百分比显著减小(P=0.002),步长、步频两组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。跖趾关节受限情况下,踝最大背屈角度显著增大(P<0.001),最大跖屈角度显著减小(P<0.001);踝关节最大跖屈力矩(P<0.001)、最大背屈力矩(P=0.029)显著增大;踝关节功率最大值增大(P<0.001)、最小值显著减小(P<0.001);踝关节负功显著增大(P<0.001),正功受限和正常两种情况无显著性差异(P>0.05)。膝关节和髋关节各指标在受限和正常两种情况下均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。支撑相腓肠肌内侧头RMS值受限情况显著大于正常情况(P=0.009),其他肌肉两组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:在跖趾关节运动受到约束后,人体主要是通过踝关节增大背屈角度、增加做功和增大周围肌肉的活动水平来代偿,以保持步长、步速和运动中的动态平衡。限制跖趾关节会增加行走时人体足踝部分的能量消耗,长期受限,可能会导致小腿后群肌肉的疲劳或损伤。
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of limited mobility of metatarsophalangeal joint on the biomechanical characteristics of lower extremity during walking. Methods Ten male college students respectively completed walking with normal and limited mobility of metatarsophalangeal joints,and their kinematic and kinetic data,and surface EMG signal data of lower extremity were collected synchronously. Three-dimensional angle,joint power,and works of hip,knee,and ankle joints were calculated. The amplitude of root mean square（RMS） of lower extremity muscles during swing phase and stance phase were calculated and the data of EMG linear envelop curve were obtained.Results As compared with walking with normal mobility of metatarsophalangeal joint,walking with limited mobility of metatarsophalangeal joint showed larger stride width（P=0.032）,greater percentage of swing phase（P =0.002）,smaller percentage of stance phase（P =0.002）,larger maximum ankle dorsiflexion angle（P 0.001）,smaller maximum plantarflexion angle（P〈0.001）,larger maximum dorsiflexion angle（P〈0.001）,larger maximum plantarflexion angle（P =0.029）,larger maximum ankle power（P 0.001）,smaller minimum ankle power（P〈0.001）,and larger ankle negative work（P〈0.001）. There were no significant differences in stride length and frequency,ankle positive work,and works of knee and hip joints under the two conditions（P 0.05）. The amplitude of RMS of medial gastrocnemius walking with limited mobility of metatarsophalangeal joint was larger than walking with normal mobility of metatarsophalangeal joint（P=0.009）. Conclusion When walking with limited mobility of metatarsophalangeal joint,the angle of ankle dorsiflexion,ankle work,and the activity level of surrounding muscles increased in order to maintain the stride length,stride speed,and the dynamic balance of movement,which increased the ankle energy consumption,and finally caused the fatigue or even injury of the calf muscles.
出处
《中国运动医学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第6期553-558,共6页
Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目
关键词
跖趾关节
活动受限
生物力学
步态
metatarsophalangeal joint
limited mobility
gait
biomechanical characteristics
