摘要
提高充填体接顶率和减小充填体压缩量是控制地表沉陷的关键因素。针对此因素,通过数值模拟详细比较了垮落开采和具有膨胀特性的膏体材料充填开采下地表及顶板的移动变形,并分析了不同方案下围岩的稳定性。结果表明,采空区未充填时,表征地表移动变形的各指标均超过建筑物I级破坏允许值,并且顶、底板出现严重的拉伸、剪切破坏。各充填方案中,随着膏体材料中膨润土含量的增加,充填对地表沉陷及顶、底板变形的控制效果呈现先增强后减弱的趋势。当膨润土与水泥质量之比为40%时,地表最大下沉值、倾斜值和水平变形值均最小,岩层移动和地表沉陷控制效果良好。
Raising the ratio of backfilling-body-height to mining-height and reducing the compressed amount of the backfilling body is the key factors to control surface subsidence. Considering these factors,the strata movement and ground deformation caused by caving method and mining with paste backfilling are compared by numerical simulation method. This paste material,with a characteristic of swelling,is gotten in the lab. The stability of surroundings rock in different scheme is also analyzed. The simulation results show that the ground movement and deformation caused by the traditional fully mechanized mining exceed the limit in specification for building of grade I. Meanwhile,at roof and floor a great degree of shear failure and tensile failure appear. With the increasing of bentonite in the paste filling material,the effect of controlling mining subsidence becomes better. But when it extends beyond a certain degree,the effect will begin to weaken. When the mass ratio of bentonite to cement is 40%,the ground subsidence,the inclination deformation and the horizontal deformation have the minimum value. The strata movement controlling is effective,and the damage to ground buildings controlled is within the range for the building grade I,which means that the surface maintenance is not needed.
出处
《地下空间与工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期788-795,共8页
Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering
基金
全国百篇优秀博士学位论文作者资助项目(200959)
国家杰出青年基金资助项目(51225404)
关键词
膨胀特性
特殊膏体材料
开采沉陷
围岩稳定性
数值模拟
swelling
special paste material
mining subsidence
stability of surroundings rock
numerical simulation
