摘要
尘肺病在中国已成为发病率最高、危害最严重的一种职业病。尘肺和结核是各自独立的两种疾病,但二者关系非常密切。根据l998年结核病分类法,将尘肺结核分为血行播散型肺结核、继发型肺结核、结核胸膜炎型。众多研究表明肺结核的发病机制是二氧化硅粉尘、结核分枝杆菌、矽肺病、肺部血液循环和淋巴系统受损、自身免疫功能下降等多种因素联合作用的结果。尘肺结核特点是易发生合并和治疗难度大。对症治疗和控制并发症是尘肺的主要治疗原则,减缓尘肺病的进展速度,可减轻患者的痛苦,提高生命质量,延长寿命。因此,除积极治疗患者外,更应充分落实三级预防的防治方针,加强宣传教育,控制危险因素,保护易感人群,降低尘肺及结核病的发病率及出现合并症的风险,切实保证工人的生命健康。
Pneumoeoniosis has become the highest incidence and the most serious occupational in China. Pneumoconiosis and tuberculosis are separate two kinds of disease, but the relationship between the two disease is very close. According to elassifieation of tuberculosis in 1998,the pneumoconiosis tuberculosis into the blood tuberculosis disseminated tuberculosis,secondary tuberculosis,tuberculosis pleurisy type. Numerous studies indicate that the pathogenesis of tuberculosis is combined effect of silica dust, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, silieosis,pulmonary blood circulation and lymphatic system is damaged, the body immune function is decreased, and other factors. Characteristic of pneumoconiosis tuberculosis are prone to merge and difficulty treatment. Symptomatic treatment and control complications are the main principles of treatment of pneumoconiosis. Slow down the rate of progress of pneumoconiosis can reduce the patient＇s pain, improve quality of life and prolong life. Not only actively treat patients ,but also prevention policy should be fully implemented tertiary prevention, Strengthen publicity and education, control of risk factors, protection of vulnerable populations,reduce the incidence of pneumoconiosis and tuberculosis and the risk of complications, ensure the life and health of workers.
出处
《中国城乡企业卫生》
2015年第3期44-47,共4页
Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene
关键词
尘肺结核
特征
预防控制
Pneumoconiosis tuberculosis
Characteristic
Prevention and control
