摘要
目的调查深圳市某街道中小型企业个体防护用品(PPE)的管理情况及劳动者相关知识的知晓情况。方法应用自行设计的调查问卷,对中小型企业管理者PPE管理情况及劳动者PPE使用知识情况进行调查。结果在PPE使用管理情况方面,中型企业口罩、耳塞正确配置率均为100%,而小型企业正确配置率分别为72.8%及85.8%,两种企业差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);中型企业较小型企业在PPE管理制度、维护培训、督促指导方面肯定率稍高,但两者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。劳动者PPE使用知识知晓率情况方面,相关的法律知晓、危害告知知晓率分别为62.6%及68.3%;而在正确发放及该佩戴何种口罩的问题上,知晓率均不超过30%;工龄长的劳动者在法律知晓调查中具有较高的知晓率,但是在危害告知、正确发放、PPE选择等方面,工龄的增加并未表现出相关知识知晓率的升高。结论该街道中小型企业PPE管理需要进一步完善,劳动者PPE防护知识严重缺乏,职业卫生培训中要注意加强宣传PPE选择使用知识。
[Objective]To investigate the management condition of personal protective equipments（PPE） in small and mediumsized enterprises of a street in Shenzhen City, analyze the awareness rate of related knowledge among workers. [Methods]With self-designed questionnaire, the management condition of PPE in small and medium-sized enterprises and the awareness rate of related knowledge among workers were investigated.[Results]In the management condition of PPE, the correct equipping rates of masks and earplugs in medium-sized enterprises were 100%, while the correct equipping rate in small enterprises was 72.8% and85.8% respectively, and the differences between small and medium-sized enterprises were statistically significant（both P〈0.01）.The affirmation rates of management system, maintenance training, and guidance in medium-sized enterprises were higher than those in small enterprises, but the differences were not statistically significant（P〉0.05）. The awareness rate of related laws and hazard notification among workers was 62.6% and 68.3% respectively, however, the awareness rate of correct distribution and wearing mask was lower than 30%. The workers with longer length of service had higher awareness rate of related laws, but the awareness rates of hazard notification, correct distribution and PPE selection did not increase with increasing length of service.[Conclusion]PPE management in small and medium-sized enterprises should be further improved. Due to a severe lack of PPE protection knowledge in workers, occupational health training should pay attention to strengthen the education of the knowledge about PPE selection.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2015年第12期1714-1716,共3页
Occupation and Health
基金
深圳市宝安区科技立项项目(项目编号:2012240)
关键词
中小型企业
个体防护用品
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Personal protective equipment（PPE）
