摘要
自秦汉以至清代，我国每石皮粮（如南方的稻谷，北方的粟谷、高粱）的价格为：汉代３０—１３０钱；魏晋南北朝２５０—５００文；初唐至盛唐５０—２００文，唐后期２００—４００文；北宋２００—７００文，南宋１０００—１５００文；明初２５０—３００文，明中后期４００文。清代顺康之际３００—８００文，康乾时期１０００—１６００文，嘉道至清末２０００文以上。总体而言，各个朝代的前期尤其是初唐、盛唐和明代，经济繁荣，政治鼎盛，此时的粮价格外低廉平稳，人们多有谷贱伤农之叹。汉初每石皮粮三四十钱，明清初期均为３００文上下。由于明清的斗桶比汉代的大四倍，因此，经历近二千年，粮价实际变化不大。此外，粮食地区差价很大，大城市与小城镇相差悬殊。
From the Qin Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty,the grain price per dan is as follows:Han,30-130 coppers;Wei,Jin and the Six Dynasties,250-500;the Early and Middle Tang,50-200;the Northern Song,200-700;the Southern Song,1000-1500;the Early Ming,250-300;the Middle and Late Ming,400; the Early Qing,300-800;the Kangxi and Qianlong Regimes,1000-1600;the Late Qing,over 2000.In the earlier stage of every dynasty,especially of the Tang and Ming,the grain price,thanks to the prosperity both in economy and politics,was relatively low and stable and lots of people complained that the low price had infringed upon the interests of the peasants.Since the dou measure in Ming and Qing dynasty was four times bigger than that in Han dynasty,the grain price,in fact,changed little during the 2000 years.
出处
《文史哲》
CSSCI
北大核心
2002年第2期33-48,共16页
Literature,History,and Philosophy
关键词
粮食价格
自然经济
商品生产
谷贱伤农
"一米二谷"
grain price, commodity production
low-priced grain at the expense of peasants
one dou of polished rice out of two dou of paddy
