摘要
在不同温湿度条件下,对磷化铝丸剂以＂裸丸＂、＂灰丸＂和＂袋丸＂状况的潮解速率进行检测.结果表明：磷化铝潮解速率与环境的温湿度条件密切相关,空气的湿度越大,环境温度越高,磷化铝潮解速率越快,在20℃、RH 33%条件下磷化铝潮解达到磷化氢气体浓度最大值的时间要比在30℃、RH 85%条件下的时间长5.5倍;＂裸丸＂与＂灰丸＂潮解速率的差异较小,但布袋对磷化铝药丸的潮解速率影响较大,＂袋丸＂潮解达到相同磷化氢浓度的时间要比＂裸丸＂晚2~3 h.环流状态下风道投药安全性的分析和粮库应用事例表明,磷化铝潮解法的产气特点,更适合我国仓房气密性较差的现状,更符合低磷化氢浓度、长时间密闭杀虫效果好的要求;即使在环流系统因故暂停运行时,按点限量风道投药的熏蒸作业仍是安全的.
Deliquescence of aluminum phosphide is a common application method during phosphine recirculation fumigation. However, there is still some doubt about potential hazard of phosphine accumulation. In order to validate manipulation safety of dynamic deliquescence of aluminum phosphide, the deliquescence rates of aluminum phosphide at different temperatures （20, 25 and 30℃） and relative humidities （33, 53, 75 and 85% ） were investigated. Three kinds of deliquescence status of aluminum phosphide which included cleaned-pill, dusted-pill and sacked-pill. The results showed that the deliquescence rate was closely related with the environmental temperatures and relative humidities. The deliquescence rate of aluminum phosphide increased with the increasing environmental temperatures and relative humidities. For achieving the maximum phosphine concentration, the deliquescence rate of aluminum phosphide at 20 ℃ and 33% RH was 5.5 times higher than that at 30℃ and 85% RH. The deliquescence rate of aluminum phosphide of cleaned-pill was not significantly different from that of dusted-pill. The sacked pill had the lowest deliquescence rate. The sack significantly reduced the deliquescence rate of aluminum phosphide. For achieving the same phosphine concentration, the sacked pill was about 2 to 3 hours later than the clean-pill. According to the analysis about the safety of the aluminum phosphide deliquescence in practical application, the phosphine releasing characteristic during aluminum phosphide deliquescence is more suitable to current warehouse situation in China which has poor airtightness, and effective fumigation requirements of low phosphine concentration and long gas-proof period. Even if the malfunction of circulation system incidentally occurs, dynamic deliquescence of aluminum phosphide put in air duct is still safe for phosphine fumigation. The results suggest that dynamic deliquescence of aluminum phosphide can be safely extended in practical phosphine fumigation.
出处
《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第3期81-85,共5页
Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition
基金
河南现代农业玉米产业技术体系资助项目(S2010-02-G06)
关键词
磷化铝
环流熏蒸
动态潮解
磷化氢杀虫
aluminum phosphide
recirculation fumigation
dynamic deliquescence
phosphine fumigation
