摘要
在中国重生轻死的传统文化中,社会将临终者视为弱者、问题者或患者,强调给予关怀与照顾,临终者处于被动接受的处境。因此,当前的临终关怀模式视临终关怀团队及照顾者为主体,临终者为客体。提出将临终者视为主体,是临终关怀的主要参与者。旨在探讨临终反向关怀模式的内涵及干预模式。从心理学"知情意行"的视角梳理临终反向关怀模式,并将临终反向关怀划分为主我、立言、立功、立德四个层面七个等分,引导临终者从言语、行为、物品及精神层面实施反向关怀,以达到临终反向关怀"立言、立功、立德"的三个不同层次。
Due to our traditional culture in which the life is valued more than death, the community tends to take the terminally ill persons as the vulnerable ones, people with difficulties or patients. In the current hospice care system, the hospice care providers are the subjects considering patients as passive care receivers. This article appealed for taking terminally ill patients as the subjects and active participants, focusing on the connotation and intervening model of reflexive hospice care, which is analyzed with the cognition, emotion, volition and practice from the psychological perspective. Meanwhile, the authors further divided reflexive hospice care into four levels, in order to guide the patients at the end of their lives to implement the care in communication, behavior, object and spirit. Finally, the paper argued that the reflexive hospice care could eventually deliver the patients＇ thoughts, memorize their contributions and exemplify their moralities.
出处
《医学与哲学（A）》
北大核心
2015年第6期21-24,42,共5页
Medicine & Philosophy:Humanistic & Social Medicine Edition
基金
江西省教育厅2014年度科学技术研究项目"临终反向关怀在宁养疗护中的应用研究"
项目编号:GJJ14036
关键词
临终关怀
临终反向关怀
社会工作
hospice care, reflexive hospice care, social work
