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A new method of discriminating different types of post-Archean ophiolitic basalts and their tectonic significance using Th-Nb and Ce-Dy-Yb systematics 被引量:36

A new method of discriminating different types of post-Archean ophiolitic basalts and their tectonic significance using Th-Nb and Ce-Dy-Yb systematics
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摘要 In this paper, a new discrimination diagram using absolute measures of Th and Nb is applied to postArchean ophiolites to best discriminate a large number of different ophiolitic basalts. This diagram was obtained using 〉2000 known ophiolitic basalts and was tested using -560 modern rocks from known tectonic settings. Ten different basaltic varieties from worldwide ophiolitic complexes have been examined. They include two basaltic types that have never been considered before, which are: (1) medium-Ti basalts (MTB) generated at nascent forearc settings; (2) a type of mid-ocean ridge basalts showing garnet signature (G-MORB) that characterizes Alpine-type (i,e., non volcanic) rifted margins and ocean-continent transition zones (OCTZ). In the Th-Nb diagram, basalts generated in oceanic subductionunrelated settings, rifted margins, and OCTZ can be distinguished from subduction-related basalts with a misclassification rate 〈 1%. This diagram highlights the chemical variation of oceanic, rifted margin, and OCTZ basalts from depleted compositions to progressively more enriched compositions reflecting, in turn, the variance of source composition and degree of melting within the MORB-OIB array. It also highlights the chemical contributions of enriched (OIB-type) components to mantle sources. Enrichment of Th relative to Nb is particularly effective for highlighting crustal input via subduction or crustal contamination. Basalts formed at continental margin arcs and island arc with a complex polygenetic crust can be distinguished from those generated in intra-oceanic arcs in supra-subducrion zones (SSZ) with a misclassification rate 〈1%. Within the SSZ group, two sub-settings can be recognized with a misclassification rate 〈0.5%. They are: (1) SSZ influenced by chemical contribution from subduction- derived components (forearc and intra-arc sub-settings) characterized by island arc tholeiitic (IAT) and boninitic basalts; (2) SSZ with no contribution from subduction- In this paper, a new discrimination diagram using absolute measures of Th and Nb is applied to postArchean ophiolites to best discriminate a large number of different ophiolitic basalts. This diagram was obtained using 〉2000 known ophiolitic basalts and was tested using -560 modern rocks from known tectonic settings. Ten different basaltic varieties from worldwide ophiolitic complexes have been examined. They include two basaltic types that have never been considered before, which are: (1) medium-Ti basalts (MTB) generated at nascent forearc settings; (2) a type of mid-ocean ridge basalts showing garnet signature (G-MORB) that characterizes Alpine-type (i,e., non volcanic) rifted margins and ocean-continent transition zones (OCTZ). In the Th-Nb diagram, basalts generated in oceanic subductionunrelated settings, rifted margins, and OCTZ can be distinguished from subduction-related basalts with a misclassification rate 〈 1%. This diagram highlights the chemical variation of oceanic, rifted margin, and OCTZ basalts from depleted compositions to progressively more enriched compositions reflecting, in turn, the variance of source composition and degree of melting within the MORB-OIB array. It also highlights the chemical contributions of enriched (OIB-type) components to mantle sources. Enrichment of Th relative to Nb is particularly effective for highlighting crustal input via subduction or crustal contamination. Basalts formed at continental margin arcs and island arc with a complex polygenetic crust can be distinguished from those generated in intra-oceanic arcs in supra-subducrion zones (SSZ) with a misclassification rate 〈1%. Within the SSZ group, two sub-settings can be recognized with a misclassification rate 〈0.5%. They are: (1) SSZ influenced by chemical contribution from subduction- derived components (forearc and intra-arc sub-settings) characterized by island arc tholeiitic (IAT) and boninitic basalts; (2) SSZ with no contribution from subduction-
出处 《Geoscience Frontiers》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第4期481-501,共21页 地学前缘(英文版)
关键词 Basalts Ophiolite Discrimination diagram Trace elements Plate tectonics Basalts Ophiolite Discrimination diagram Trace elements Plate tectonics
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