摘要
日益严重的海洋石油污染给海洋生态环境带来严峻考验,为了获悉石油污染对海洋生物的急性毒性效应,在实验生态条件下,采用静态实验的方法,研究了不同浓度的原油水溶成分(Water-Accommodated Fraction,WAF)对东方小藤壶(Chthamalus challengeri)Ⅱ期无节幼虫的影响。结果表明:(1)孤二联原油的WAF胁迫48 h,对幼虫的存活率、发育率、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的酶活力均未产生显著影响(p>0.05)。(2)随着WAF胁迫浓度的升高,幼虫的趋光性呈现先上升后下降的趋势,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的酶活力呈现上升趋势,但这两种变化趋势均不显著(p>0.05)。与对照组相比,幼虫的趋光性和SOD的酶活力仅在最高浓度为27 mg/L的处理组发生显著变化(p<0.05)。(3)孤二联原油的WAF对藤壶幼虫毒性作用较小的原因,可能是东方小藤壶Ⅱ期幼虫对石油污染具有较强的抗性,也可能是孤二联原油WAF中溶解的易挥发、低沸点的烃类物质较少。(4)与存活率、发育率和CAT酶活力相比,幼虫的趋光性和SOD酶活力的变化能更加灵敏、准确地反映出WAF对藤壶幼虫的急性毒性效应,因此幼虫的趋光性和SOD酶活力具有成为监测海洋石油污染的生物标志物的可能性。
Oil pollution is a severe threat to the marine ecological environment. To figure out the acute toxic effect of oil pollution on marine organisms, the effects of water-accommodated fraction （WAF） of crude oil on nauplius Ⅱ of Chthamalus challengeri were examined under the condition of the laboratory adopting the static test method. The re- sults showed that： （1） The survival rate, developmental rate and Catalase （CAT） activity were not significantly af- fected after being stressed by WAF for 48 h （P〉 0.05 ）. （2） With the increasing of the concentration of WAF, pho- totaxis and Superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity did not show significant variation （p 〉 0.05 ）. As a whole, the fluc- tuation of phototaxis of nauplius Ⅱ exhibited a downward trend after rising first and an upward trend was observed for the fluctuation of the SOD activity. Phototaxis and SOD activity were significantly changed only by WAF of 27 mg/L （P〈0.05 ）. （3） The reason for the low toxic effects on the larvae might lie in the stronger resistance of larvae to oil pollution or the small amount of volatile and low boiling point hydrocarbon dissolved in WAF. （4） The phototaxis andSOD activity of nauplius Ⅱ might be employed as monitor indicators for the pollution of oil in the ocean, because they were much more sensitive and precise to reflect the acute toxicity effects of WAF than that of survival rate, develop- mental rate and CAT activity.
出处
《海洋环境科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期367-372,共6页
Marine Environmental Science
基金
国家海洋局公益项目(201305009
201005007)
关键词
石油污染
东方小藤壶
趋光性
发育率
抗氧化酶
oil pollution
Chthamalus chaUengeri
phototaxis
developmental rate
antioxidase
