摘要
热带鸟类的生活史进化策略与温带鸟类的不同,而迄今国内对热带鸟类的研究却非常缺乏,红耳鹎（Pycnonotus jocosus）在我国北热带地区分布广泛,是较为理想的研究对象。2010年至2014年春夏季,对北热带石灰岩地区红耳鹎的繁殖生态和巢址选择进行了研究。采用系统搜寻法并根据亲鸟行为寻巢,应用方差分析和主成分分析对相关数据进行处理。结果显示,红耳鹎的产卵期集中在4月中旬至5月下旬,喜筑巢于灌木和人工种植的苹婆（Sterculia nobilis）树。平均窝卵数为（3.4±0.5）枚（3~4枚）,卵重（2.59±0.29）g,卵大小（21.10±1.73）mm×（15.35±1.50）mm（n=31）。总的繁殖成功率为36.16%,繁殖失败的主要原因是天敌捕食、弃巢和人为干扰。一年繁殖一次和较低的繁殖成功率是研究地的红耳鹎有较大窝卵数的主要原因。红耳鹎在巢址选择时主要考虑避雨因子、避敌因子和灌木因子。
Tropical bird represents a different strategy in life history evolution compare to those temperate bird. Study on tropical bird, however, was quilt shortage in China. Red-whiskered bulbul（Pycnonotus jocosus） is a common species in northern tropical region which offer a good opportunity to study. In spring and summer of 2010﹣2014, the breeding ecology of Red-whiskered Bulbul was studied in Guangxi. Nest sites were located by following of the paired bird distinguished by their activities or systematically searching, ANOVA and Principal component analysis were employed to analyze the relative data by using SPSS 17.0. The peak of egg-laying was from the middle of April to the end of May and the nests were built in shrub or artificial plant Sterculia nobilis（Fig. 1d）. Clutch size was 3﹣4 with an average of 3.4（n = 31）, egg mass 2.59 ± 0.29 g, length 21.10 ± 1.73 mm, breadth 15.35 ± 1.50 mm. Breeding success was 36.16%（Table 3）, the main reasons for nest failure were predation, nest desertion and human disturbance. The relatively higher clutch size of the bulbul was attributed to the single brood per year and lower breeding success. The main factors affecting the nest site selection were safety, desiccation and shrub forest availability（Table 1 and Table 2）.
出处
《动物学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期359-365,共7页
Chinese Journal of Zoology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.31460567
31172123)
广西自然科学基金项目(No.2010GXNSFB 013044)
云南省重点学科野生动植物保护与利用建设项目
关键词
红耳鹎
繁殖生态
巢址选择
北热带
窝卵数
繁殖成功率
Red-whiskered bulbul（Pycnonotus jocosus）
Breeding ecology
Nest site selection
Northern tropical region
Clutch size
Breeding success
