摘要
高分辨率气候系统模式是全球变化研究的重要研究工具,对于提升我国应对气候变化问题的整体实力有重要的应用价值。全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划"高分辨率气候系统模式的研制与评估"项目通过5年的努力,成功研制和发展了我国高分辨率气候模式系统和其评估系统,建立了通量集合耦合平台,取得的主要成果有:(1)成功研发了全球高分辨率气候系统模式BCC_CSM2,其大气水平分辨为50km,海洋水平分辨为30km,它改进了模式中一些重要物理过程的参数化方案,使模式性能得到明显提高,对当今气候基本态的模拟与国际上现有模式性能相当,对东亚气候的模拟有部分优势,增强了对热带气旋、台风等中小尺度过程的模拟能力;(2)成功解决了与模式高分辨率有关的部分科学问题,如东亚地形问题和经纬度网格极地问题、与高分辨率相适应的模式动力框架问题、中国东部独特的冷季层云与青藏高原地形相关问题等;(3)自主研制了全球0.5°×0.5°网格的格点模式动力框架,具有良好稳定性和物理守恒性,建立了全球高分辨率格点大气环流模式,实现了"云-气溶胶-辐射数值集合系统"(CAR)与全球格点大气环流模式IAP4的耦合,揭示了云的次网格尺度结构是造成辐射计算差异最主要原因的物理机制;(4)建立了多大气模式交互集合耦合平台,集成了包括本项目支持研发的格点和谱模式在内的15个国内外知名的分量模式,成为研究海-气相互作用、噪音对气候影响的一种创新分析工具;(5)建立了包括东亚地区云与辐射、东亚-西北太平洋季风、热带偏差机理、云辐射反馈过程与ENSO模拟改进等的耦合气候系统模式评估体系,为评估、改进项目研制的高分辨率模式提供了重要参考和方向。所研发高分辨率气候系统模式的阶段性中低分辨率模式参与了第五阶段耦合模式国际比较计划(CMIP5)
High-Resolution Climate System Models is an important tool for climate change studies. It is also impor- tant to improve our capacity in facing climate change issues. Big progresses of the project have been made in the past five years, including the developments of a high-resolution modeling system, the associated model evaluation system, and a multi-model ensemble cou- pling platform： （1） the high-resolution climate system model BCC_CSM2 has a horizontal resolution of 50kin in the atmosphere and 30km in the ocean. The improve- ments to model physics in BCC_CSM2 lead to more re- alistic model performances, which are comparable to the state-of-the-art climate models. The improvements of model performances are more pronounced in East Asia. High resolution also benefits the reproductions of tropi- cal storm and typhoon. （2） Solve the problems associated with the increased resolution, including the com- plex topography in East Asia, model grid in the Polar Regions, dynamic framework, relationship between the typical stratus cloud in East Asia and the Tibetan Plat- eau. （3） Design a dynamical core of a high-resolution general circulation model with horizontal resolution about 50km and develop a high-resolution AGCM based on IAP4. A self-consistent cloud-aerosol-radiation （CAR） ensemble modeling system has been built and has been coupled with IAP4. The effects of cloud sub- grid structures are suggested to be the major physical mechanism that is responsible for the differences in ra- diative calculation accuracies. （4） Develop a flexible multi-model ensemble-coupling platform, which can in- corporate 15 the-state-of-the-art atmospheric models. The platform becomes a new tool for quantifying the role of atmospheric noise and uncertainty in complex air-sea coupling processes. （5） Develop observational metrics for gauging couple model performances including cloud and radiation in East Asia, the East Asia-Northwest Pa- cific monsoon, processes responsible for tropical bias, cloud radiation and fee
出处
《中国基础科学》
2015年第2期27-37,F0003,F0004,共13页
China Basic Science
基金
全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划(2010CB951900)
关键词
高分辨率
气候系统模式
进展
high resolution
climate system model
pro-gress
