摘要
为探明玉米新品种‘渝单30’在重庆地区的最适播期及最佳种植密度,通过大田裂区试验设计,研究播期与种植密度对玉米田间主要农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明:在重庆地区,播期延后,生育期天数缩短、百粒重及产量降低,株高、穗位高随播期的延后而增加,穗部性状变化不显著。密度增加,株高、穗位高也随之增加,穗长、穗粗、茎粗、行数、行粒数等随密度的增加而减少,百粒重、产量随密度的增加而增大,但到一定阀值后,密度增加,产量和百粒重则减少。3种播期下产量表现为A1>A2>A3,4种密度下产量表现为B3>B4>B2>B1,播期密度互作下产量表现为A1B3>A1B4>A2B3>A2B4>A3B3>A3B4>A2B2>A1B1>A2B1>A3B1。因此适当提前播种和增加种植密度可增加玉米单位面积产量,确定了A1B3是重庆地区的最佳种植配置。
In order to investigate the most suitable sowing period and the optimum planting density of new corn variety ＇Yudan 30＇ in Chongqing region, using split plot experiment design, the author studied the effect of sowing date and planting density on main agronomic characters and yield of maize in field. The results showed that in Chongqing, delaying of sowing date could shorten the fertility period, and reduce 100 grain weight and yield, but could increase plant height and ear height, panicle traits did not change significantly. With the density increasing, plant height and ear height also increased, while ear length, ear diameter, stem diameter, row number and kernel number decreased. 100 grain weight and yield also increased with the increase of density, but to a certain threshold, yield and 100 grain weight decreased with the increase of density. The yield of 3 sowing periods presented as A1 〉A2〉A3, the yield of 4 kinds of density presented as B3〉B4〉B2〉B1, and the yield under sowing time and density interaction presented as A 1B 3 〉 A 1B4 〉 A2B 3 〉 A2B4 〉 A3 B 3 〉 A3B4〉A2B2〉A1B1 〉A2B1 〉A3B1. So proper early sowing and planting density increase could raise the yield of corn per unit area, and AIB3was the optimum planting configuration in Chongqing area.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2015年第15期28-32,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
重庆市公益性科研院所基本科研业务费"不同株行距配置下产量及光合性能研究"(cstc-2014jbky-00510)
国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02-74)
"十二五"主要农作物良种创新工程重大攻关项目"玉米高产高效配套新技术研究与集成示范"(cstc2012gg C80007)
关键词
玉米
播期
密度
农艺性状
产量
corn
sowing time
density
agronomic traits
yield
