摘要
本文首先利用单光子作为量子资源提出一个无信息泄露量子对话(Quantum Dialogue,QD)协议,其中每个单光子被直接编码用于传送秘密消息.通信双方事先共享量子态制备规则.制备方通过量子安全直接通信读取另一方的秘密消息.另一方借助于从制备方发送过来的指示单光子制备基的一个经典信息序列来解码出制备方的秘密消息.这样,信息泄露问题被避免.所提出的基于单光子的协议只需要单光子测量.与Shi的最近两个基于单光子的QD协议不同的是,所提出的基于单光子的协议既不需制备两个相邻的单光子处于相同的量子态也不需执行控制非(Controlled-Not,CNOT)操作.最后,本文利用逻辑量子比特作为量子资源将所提出的基于单光子的协议分别推广到抗集体退相位噪声和抗集体旋转噪声的情形.
In this paper, a quantum dialogue （QD） protocol without information leakage is proposed at first by using single photons as the quantum resource, where each single photon is directly encoded for transmitting secret messages. Two communication parties share the quantum state generation rule in advance. The preparation party reads out the other party＇s secret messages by virtue of quantum secure direct communication. The other party decodes out the preparation party＇s secret messages with the aid of a classical information sequence indicating the preparation bases of single photons sent from the preparation party. In this way, the information leakage problem is avoided. The proposed protocol with single photons only needs the single-photon measurements. Different from Shi＇s two recent QD protocols based on single photons, the proposed protocol with single photons needs neither to prepare two adjacent single photons in the same quantum state nor to perform the controlled-not （CNOT） operations. Finally, the proposed protocol with single photons is generalized into the cases of resisting collective-dephasing noise and collective-rotation noise by using logical qubits as the quantum resource, respectively.
出处
《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期65-73,共9页
Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:61402407
11375152)
