摘要
严格地政府管制不仅扭曲了市场信号,而且提高了创业活动的成本。使用4期CGSS调查数据,本文系统评估了政府管制对个人创业概率的影响。研究发现,政府管制显著降低了个人的创业概率,平均而言,样本城市的政府管制指数每上升一个标准差,个人的创业概率将会降低1.68个百分点左右。同时,政府管制对个人创业概率的影响存在异质性。总体而言,政府管制显著降低了个人从事"自我雇佣"的创业概率,但并未显著降低"自己是老板"的创业概率。另外,政府管制显著降低了"低社会网络组"和"低收入组"的创业概率,但并未显著降低"高社会网络组"和"高收入组"的创业概率。这意味着,新一届政府推行的"简政放权"改革可能不仅有助于提升中国经济的创业活力,而且有助于平衡各群体间的就业机会,进而促进社会公平。
The strict government regulations(GR) have not only distorted the market signals, but also increased the cost of the activities of entrepreneurship. By the use of 4 periods of survey data of CGSS, we have, in this paper, systematical?ly evaluated the impact of the GR on the individual personal probability of starting a business(POSAB). By our study,we have discovered that the GR have obviously decreased personal POSAB, and that, in terms of average, each rise of a standard deviation of the index of the GR in the sample city, will make the personal POSAB decrease by about1.68%. At the same time, the impact of the GR on personal POSAB has the nature of heteroplasticness. Generally speaking, the GR have noticeably decreased the POSAB of'employing oneself'carried-out by a person himself, but the GR have not obviously lowered the POSAB of'the person himself is the boss'. In addition, the GR have notice?ably decreased the POSAB of'the low social network group'and'the group with low income', however, the GR have not obviously lowered the POSAB of'the group of high social network'and of'the group with high income'. This means that the reform, of'reducing the number of persons working in the government and giving up the right', carried out by the government of the new election, will, not only possibly be conducive to upgrading the vitality of starting a business in China's economy, but also helpful to balancing the employment opportunity among various groups, and fur?ther, to promoting the social justice.
出处
《管理世界》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第5期89-99,187-188,共11页
Journal of Management World
基金
教育部人文社会科学青年基金(12YJC790008)
国家社会科学青年基金(12CJL022)的资助
中国人民大学社会学系和香港科技大学社会科学部提供<中国综合社会调查(CGSS)>项目的数据协助
