摘要
为了了解常绿阔叶林优势种群的枯死树木结构特征，对百山祖5hm^2固定样地的10个优势种群10年间的枯死木和现有活立木进行了统计分析。结果表明：（1）枯死木龄级呈“倒J型”分布的种群有厚叶红淡比、水丝梨、凸脉冬青、褐叶青冈、短尾柯、多脉青冈、亮叶水青冈、木荷等8种，而麂角杜鹃和石灰花楸则呈中峰型曲线分布（高峰出现在Ⅱ龄级）。枯死木主要集中在I～Ⅲ龄级。（2）群落各优势种群的枯死比例在I龄级最大，短尾柯和麂角杜鹃在I龄级的枯死比例分别高达50．00％和47．61％。随着龄级的增大，枯死比例下降，在Ⅳ龄级以后各优势种群的枯死比例发生变化。平均枯死比例最大的是石灰花楸（30．42％），最小的是亮叶水青冈（13．70％）。（3）在种群活立木密度较大的生境，其枯死木密度也较大。水丝梨在沟谷的枯死木密度较大，多脉青冈在4种生境中的枯死木密度差别不大，其余8个种群都表现出枯死木密度在山脊大、沟谷小的特点。石灰花楸在陡坡（42．86％）、凸脉冬青在沟谷（29．78％）的枯死比例较大，亮叶水青冈在山脊（12．40％）的枯死比例最小。
An experiment was conducted to study the dead tree structure characteristics of dominant species populations in an evergreen broad-leaved forest with the dead trees of ten years and living trees form ten dominant species in a 5 hm^2 permanent plot in north slope of Baishanzu Mountain. In the age class of dead trees with inverted-J distribution, they were Cleyera pachyphylla, Sycopsis sinensis, Ilex editicostata, Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana and C. multinervis, Lithocarpus brevicaudatus and Fagus lucida, Schima superba. In the age class of dead trees with peak type distribution （with the peak in the second age class ）, they were Rhododendron latoucheae and Sorbus folgneri. The dead trees mainly concentrated in the top three age classes. The death ratio of every dominant species in the first age class was biggest, especially while the death ratio of Rhododendron latoucheae and Lithocarpus brevicaudatus in the first age class were relatively larger, being 47. 61% and 50.00%, respectively. The death ratio of dominant species decreased with the increasing of age class, and it changed after the fourth age class. The average death ratio of Sorbusfolgneri was biggest（30.42% ）, and that of Fagus lucida was smallest（ 13.70% ）. The dead trees were denser in the habitats where the living trees were denser. The density of dead trees of Sycopsis sinensis was higher in gully, and that of Cyclobalanopsis muhinervis had little difference among four kinds of habitats. The dead trees of the other eight dominant species populations were denser in ridge and sparser in gully. The death ratios of Sorbusfolgneri in steep slope（42.86% ） and llex editicostata in gully（29.78% ） were higher, while that of Fagus lucida in ridge（ 12.40% ） was lowest.
出处
《植物研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期436-442,共7页
Bulletin of Botanical Research
基金
林业国家级自然保护区补助资金项目资助(财农[2013]81号)
关键词
常绿阔叶林
优势种群
枯死木
种群结构
百山祖
evergreen broad-leaved forest
dominant species populations
dead tree
population structure
Baishanzu
