摘要
目的为了解广西贵港市美沙酮维持治疗门诊病例维持治疗的情况及分析维持时间的影响因素。方法数据来自全国艾滋病综合防治信息系统中的社区美沙酮维持治疗数据库,以入组治疗时间作为进入队列时间进行研究,运用Cox比例风险回归模型分析其影响因素。结果贵港市累计美沙酮维持治疗入组人数2 049人,男性为主,1 894人,占92.44%;平均年龄为（37.91±6.73）岁;待业居多,1 001人,占48.85%;初中文化程度者1168人,占57.00%。最近1次尿检阳性者803,占39.19%;入组治疗后维持时间的中位数是21.63个月,95%可信区19.30~23.83个月,维持时间最短者不足1个月,最长93个月。截止观察期末,第1~8年的保持率分别为91.76%、84.71%、76.63%、71.40%、65.75%、55.76%、54.67%和46.66%。累计退出治疗1 093人次,主要原因为与毒品无关的违法犯罪被抓,437人,占39.98%。Cox多因素分析结果显示：研究对象的现住址到美沙酮门诊距离,戒毒史,HIV检测结果与维持治疗保持时间长短关联有统计学意义。结论自2006年以来,贵港市美沙酮治疗脱失率较高,复吸现象仍较普遍,所以应加强对美沙酮维持治疗患者的宣传教育、咨询和关怀等社会工作。
Objective To analyze the situation of methadone maintenance treatment（MMT） among heroin addicts inGuigang City of Guangxi and its influencing factors. Methods Data were collected from the＂Community MethadoneMaintenance Treatment＂database of＂AIDS Prevention and Control Information System＂. A historical cohort study was carriedout in accordance with queue time of patients＇ enrollment. Factors affecting retention time of MMT were analyzed by Cox PHModel. Results A total number of 2 049 patients were enrolled for MMT. Among them, 92.44% were males. The averagedage was（37.91±6.73）years old. 48.85% were unemployed, and 57.00% of them had a middle school education. 39.19% werepositive for morphine test in the last test. Median time was 21.63 months among the patients with MMT（95%CI： 19.30-23.83months）. The minimum duration with MMT was less than 1 month and the maximum was up to 93 months. By the end ofobservation period, retention rate in the consecutive 8 years was 91.76%,84.71%,76.63%,71.40%,65.75%,55.76%,54.67%and 46.66%, respectively. There were 1 093 person-times of dropouts due to drug related crimes, accounting for 39.98%. Coxmultiple factors analysis showed that the retention rate of MMT treatment was statistically associated with factors such asdistance from patients＇ current addresses to the methadone clinic, drug history,HIV antibody detection. Conclusions There were a relatively high exit rate among heroin addicts in Guigang City after 2006. Relapse was common. As a result,counseling, education and social work on MMT be strengthened.
出处
《中国热带医学》
CAS
2015年第1期49-53,共5页
China Tropical Medicine
