摘要
印度小裂绵蚜Schizoneurella indica Hille Ris Lambers是在云南苹果上的一种新害虫。研究印度小裂绵蚜的发育与繁殖是为了掌握其生物学和生态学特性。采用盆栽饲养观察的方法,开展了印度小裂绵蚜的发育历期、繁殖量、土壤温湿度对种群的影响研究。印度小裂绵蚜无翅孤雌蚜的发育与繁殖适宜温度在18-20℃之间,在15℃、18℃、20℃和25℃下的发育历期与繁殖量分别为21.47 d和13.82头、17.06 d和57.77头、13.82 d和41.72头、13.38 d和4.82头;发育起点温度为1.13℃±0.5℃,有效积温291.26日度。印度小裂绵蚜在鸡粪土条件下的繁殖量最高,30 d的繁殖量为9.33头/株,与其它土壤类型差异明显;其次分别为紫砂壤、红壤、粘土和砂壤,处理之间无差异;在白砂壤中的繁殖率为最低,为2.0头/株。印度小裂绵蚜无翅孤雌蚜全年寄生于苹果根部,全年发生约14世代,温度和土壤类型对印度小裂绵蚜在土壤中的定殖、生长发育与繁殖均有影响。
Schizoneurella indica Hille Ris Lambers is a new pest discovered in apple orchards of Yunnan Province,China. Thus,the study of development and propagation of the pest is very important to understand its biological and ecological characteristics. In this study,the development duration and propagation of the aphid and effects of soil temperature and humidity on population were conducted by using potted rearing methods in Zhaotong of Yunnan Province. The suitable temperature for development and reproduction of the apterour viviparous females was between 18℃- 20℃. Under 15℃,18℃,20℃and 25℃,the development duration and reproductive number per viviparous female were 21. 47 days and13. 82 aphids,17. 06 days and 57. 77 aphids,13. 82 days and 41. 72 aphids,13. 38 days and 4. 82 aphids,respectively. The threshold temperature of development was 1. 13 ± 0. 5℃ and the effective accumulated temperature was 291. 26 day degree. Compared to other soil types,the aphid reproduction capacity in chicken dung soil was the highest and reached 9. 33 aphids / plant after 30 days. Followed by purple sand soil,red soil,clay soil and sandstone soil,but there were not significant differences among these treatments. The lowest reproductive rate was 2. 0 aphids / plant in the white sand soil. The apterour viviparous females were parasitic on apple roots and took place 4- 6 generations in one year in Zhaotong.All these showed that the temperature and soil types could affect the colonization, growth and reproduction the pest.
出处
《环境昆虫学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期448-451,共4页
Journal of Environmental Entomology
基金
云南省省院省校科技合作项目(2005YX44)
关键词
印度小裂绵蚜
发育
繁殖
苹果新害虫
Schizoneurella indica Hille Ris Lamber
development
reproduction
a new apple pest
