摘要
以历届奥运会400m跑前3名的成绩为研究对象,将奥运会男子400m跑整个发展历程分成4个不同的历史阶段,对影响奥运会男子400m跑的绝对速度能力、速度耐力能力两个重要因素进入深入分析,研究结果表明:在奥运会的整个发展历程中,男子400m跑成绩整体呈上升的发展趋势,经历了快、慢、快、慢4个发展周期,下一个将是快速上升发展周期;绝对速度能力整体呈上升的发展趋势,与男子400m跑成绩的发展周期基本相同,速度耐力能力整体呈缓慢上升的发展趋势,与男子400m跑成绩、绝对速度能力的发展周期不同步;绝对速度能力是奥运会男子400m跑的整个发展历程中的主导因素,并影响着前3个阶段的发展趋势,而在1988-2012阶段中,速度耐力能力转变成了主导因素;男子400m跑将进入以速度耐力能力为核心的发展周期,应强调发展运动员的速度耐力能力。
Based on a research on the three athletes ranking as the top three in the men＇s 400 m sprint in the previous Olympic Games,the whole development process of men＇s 400 m sprint is separated into four different historical periods to make a deep analysis on two key factors i. e. absolute speed and speed endurance which influence the competition performance in the men＇s400m sprint. The result of the study shows that the general competition results develop in a rising tendency,having experienced four stages including stages of high- speed development,low- speed development,followed by another round of high-speed development and low- speed development. And the next stage will be a period of rising with high speed. The absolute speed will develop in a rising tendency generally which is of similar development cycle with the competition results in the men＇s 400 m sprint. However,the speed endurance will rise in a comparatively slow tendency and develop in a different cycle. Absolute speed is the leading factor for the development of men＇s 400 m sprint in the Olympic Games and it has a great influence on the development tendency of the first three periods. Yet in the period of 1988 to 2008,speed endurance has changed into the leading factor. As men＇s 400 m sprint will develop in to a new cycle which is focused on speed endurance,more emphasis should be paid on the training of athletes＇ speed endurance.
出处
《广州体育学院学报》
北大核心
2015年第2期62-65,共4页
Journal of Guangzhou Sport University
关键词
奥运会
400M跑
绝对速度
速度耐力
发展周期
the Olympic Games
men＇s 400m sprint
absolute speed
speed endurance
development cycle
