摘要
为掌握北京地区春早茬西瓜瓜蚜发生规律,完善瓜蚜绿色防控技术方案,对其进行了系统调查,并针对大面积栽培方式进行了药剂筛选试验。结果表明,北京地区春茬大棚西瓜蚜虫主要在棚外越冬寄主上越冬,早春有翅蚜迁入大棚内开始发生,在5月中旬到6月上旬为发生盛期。吡虫啉根部施药对前期瓜蚜的种群有较好的控制作用,但对发生盛期以后瓜蚜的种群增长不能控制。瓜蚜始盛期进行噻虫嗪、噻虫高氯氟、氟啶虫胺腈、呋虫胺喷雾具有较好的速效性和持效性,14 d防治效果均超过95%,该效果可以持续到收获期,防治效果优于吡虫啉定植期根部施药,可以作为后者的替代技术。供试药剂喷雾防治瓜蚜有助于挽回产量且不影响西瓜可溶性固形物含量和口感,可在田间轮换使用。
To understand epidemics and management of the aphid（Aphis gossypii Glover）in protected production in Spring in Beijing area,a systematic investigation and the pesticide screening tests were conducted from December of 2013 to June of 2014 in Daxing,Beijing. The results showed that the aphid mainly overwinter with eggs in pomegranate,hibiscus,pepper,chrysanthemums and other plants outside of plastic house,moved into watermelon field with winged aphids in mid-May and reached peak in early June. Trenching root with Imidacloprid effectively early stage of aphid population. However,it did not work at the peak period. Meanwhile,in the beginning of peak occurrence,spraying with Thiamethoxam,mixture of Thiamethoxam,λ-Cyhalothrin and Sulfoxaflora,and Dinotefuran all showed efficient control with effectiveness above 95% in 14 days after spraying. The effectiveness lasted till harvest. The control measure did not affect the sweetness or the taste of watermelon. Therefore,spraying one of the tested pesticides can be the alternative of Imidacloprid root trench for aphid management of watermelon production in Spring in Beijing.
出处
《中国瓜菜》
北大核心
2015年第2期14-18,共5页
China Cucurbits And Vegetables
基金
现代农业产业体系北京市西甜瓜创新团队建设项目(PXM2013-014207-000103)
北京农学院研究生改革与发展项目(2014YJS004
2014YJS005
2014YJS018)
北京农学院害虫综合防治创新平台建设(5095237001/029)
关键词
西瓜
瓜蚜
发生规律
药效
Watermelon
Aphis gossypii Glover
Occurrence regularity
Pesticide effect
